Promoting social cohesion and convergence
Upward convergence in working conditions
Published:
12 December 2019
Research report
Abstract
Social convergence has gained an equal footing alongside economic convergence as an EU goal in the wake of the economic crisis. This report presents the results of a study into convergence in working conditions, a major component of social policymaking. It examines whether working conditions have improved over the past two decades in the EU as a whole and whether dissimilarities between Member States in this area have narrowed. The study includes analyses of both the trends and drivers of convergence plus expert interview data on two policy instruments that have the potential to promote convergence. Findings indicate upward convergence in working conditions overall, but uneven progress across Member States.
- Table 1: Dimensions and subdimensions of working conditions
- Table 2: Summary of convergence and divergence dynamics
- Table 3: Beta-convergence patterns in seven dimensions of working conditions
- Table 4: Beta-convergence in the subdimensions of working conditions
- Table 5: Beta-convergence patterns by country groupings: EU15 versus EU13, 2005–2015
- Table 6: Beta-convergence patterns by country groupings: Centre versus periphery, 2005–2015
- Table 7: Sigma-convergence patterns in the dimensions and subdimensions of working conditions
- Table 8: Gender gaps in working conditions, EU, 2006
- Table 9: Gender gaps in working conditions dimensions, by Member State, 2015
- Table 10: Beta-convergence in gender gaps in the dimensions of working conditions, EU, 2005–2015
- Table 11: Sigma-convergence patterns in gender gaps in the dimensions and subdimensions of working conditions
- Table 12: Potential drivers of convergence in working conditions
- Table 13: Drivers of convergence: Statistically significant relationships
- Table 14: Drivers of convergence: Multivariate analysis results
- Table 15: Analysis of convergence in the drivers of convergence in working conditions
- Table 16: Profile of interviewees
- Table 17: Measurement of convergence – headline results by dimension
- Figure 1: Speed of beta-convergence in the dimensions of working conditions
- Figure 2: Speed of beta-convergence in the subdimensions of working conditions
- Figure 3: Sigma-convergence patterns in the dimensions of working conditions
- Figure 4: Physical environment – sigma-convergence patterns
- Figure 5: Social environment – sigma-convergence patterns
- Figure 6: Work intensity – sigma-convergence patterns
- Figure 7: Skills and discretion – sigma-convergence patterns
- Figure 8: Working time quality – sigma-convergence patterns
- Figure 9: Prospects – sigma-convergence patterns
- Figure 10: Earnings – sigma-convergence patterns
- Figure 11: Delta-convergence patterns in the dimensions of working conditions
- Figure 12: Delta-convergence patterns in the subdimensions of Earnings
- Figure 13: Beta-convergence in gender gaps in subdimensions of working conditions, EU, 2005–2015
- Figure 14: Number of dimensions of working conditions showing no improvement in gender gap, by Member State, 2005–2015
- Figure 15: Sigma-convergence patterns in gender gaps of dimensions of working conditions
- Figure 16: Highest and lowest mean scores in the dimensions of working conditions, by economic sector, EU, 2015
- Figure 17: Convergence of immigration rates, EU
- Number of pages
-
76
- Reference nº
-
EF19049
- ISBN
-
978-92-897-1997-1
- Catalogue nº
-
TJ-04-19-677-EN-N
- DOI
-
10.2806/090694
- Permalink
Cite this publication
Eurofound (2019), Upward convergence in working conditions, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.