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Condițiile de viață și calitatea vieții

„Condițiile de viață și calitatea vieții” reprezintă una dintre cele șase activități principale ale programului de lucru al Eurofound pentru perioada 2021-2024. Eurofound va continua să cartografieze și să analizeze principalele aspecte legate de îmbunătățirea condițiilor de viață ale cetățenilor europeni, luând în calcul și informațiile privind percepția acestora asupra calității vieții și a societății. Deoarece pandemia de COVID-19 și criza economică provocată de aceasta au afectat profund viețile oamenilor, Eurofound va analiza mai în detaliu impactul acestei crize asupra cetățenilor Uniunii în diferite etape ale vieții.

În perioada 2021-2024, cercetările Eurofound vor oferi informații importante despre provocările și perspectivele legate de condițiile de viață și de calitatea vieții în UE, precum și despre rolul jucat de diferitele inițiative menite să atenueze greutățile de natură socială cu care se confruntă diversele categorii de cetățeni. Prezintă un interes deosebit implicațiile pentru vârstnici și nevoile lor de îngrijire, implicațiile pentru tineri și incluziunea și mobilitatea lor socială, precum și diversele consecințe ale crizei asupra bărbaților și femeilor .

Serviciile publice din întreaga UE au avut un rol important în gestionarea crizei provocate de pandemia de COVID-19, deși s-au confruntat cu provocări semnificative. Ele vor fi evaluate mai în detaliu, cu accent pe aspecte precum calitatea, accesul și accesibilitatea acestora. După cum au arătat constatările anterioare, această criză a avut efecte disproporționate asupra anumitor categorii de persoane, în funcție de vârstă, de responsabilitățile de îngrijire și de echilibrul între viața profesională și cea privată , iar Eurofound va analiza aceste aspecte mai amănunțit.

Acționând în mod coordonat cu Institutul European pentru Egalitatea de Șanse între Femei și Bărbați (EIGE), Eurofound intenționează să cerceteze problema disparităților de gen multidimensionale prin investigarea impactului crizei provocate de pandemia de COVID-19 asupra bărbaților și a femeilor, din perspectiva participării la ocuparea forței de muncă, a condițiilor de viață materiale și a bunăstării, cu scopul de a identifica diferențele și a evalua efectul crizei asupra disparităților de gen.

„ Calitatea serviciilor publice a fost și este esențială pentru clădirea încrederii în instituțiile din Europa contemporană și va rămâne crucială pentru depășirea provocărilor actuale și viitoare. Asigurarea unor servicii de calitate este și un domeniu deschis inovației, în special în ceea ce privește trecerea la servicii digitale mai ecologice, precum și pregătirea pentru riscuri viitoare, similare pandemiei.”

Tadas Leončikas, director de cercetare principal, unitatea Politici Sociale

Topic

Recent updates

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In this episode of Eurofound Talks, Mary McCaughey speaks with Eurofound researchers Eszter Sandor and Massimiliano Mascherini about the situation for young people in Europe.

Podcast
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During the pandemic, many young people had to change their plans for the future. While at the end of 2023 young people’s labour market situation was more favourable than it...

21 Mai 2024
Publication
Research report

Mesaje principale în sprijinul elaborării politicilor

Infografic

Principalele constatări rezultate în urma cercetărilor Eurofound îi ajută pe responsabilii de elaborarea politicilor să soluționeze câteva probleme esențiale din acest domeniu.

  • Tensiunile percepute în societate au impactul cel mai nociv asupra încrederii în instituții, în timp ce calitatea percepută a serviciilor publice reprezintă un factor esențial pentru creșterea încrederii în instituții.
  • Sunt necesare mai multe servicii de îngrijire pe termen lung și o mai mare flexibilitate în furnizarea lor. Serviciile de îngrijire și de asistență la domiciliu ar trebui să fie accesibile, în special în statele membre cu cele mai mici venituri din UE.
  • Accesul prompt la servicii de asistență medicală primară, la asistență socială și la îngrijire pe termen lung poate asigura intervenția timpurie și monitorizarea nevoilor în schimbare și poate preveni escaladarea problemelor legate de îngrijirea pe termen lung.
  • Se constată înmulțirea problemelor de sănătate mintală în rândul tinerilor, deși nu este clar dacă acest lucru se datorează incidenței mai mari sau unei mai bune conștientizări și diagnosticări. Problemele de sănătate mintală sunt strâns legate de alte probleme ale tinerilor și pot reprezenta atât un efect al inegalităților, cât și o sursă de inegalitate. Printre factorii de risc asociați problemelor de sănătate mintală se numără dizabilitățile și bolile cronice, problemele familiale, problemele legate de anturaj și utilizarea intensă a platformelor de comunicare socială.
  • Deși încrederea și coeziunea socială în UE au revenit în general la nivelul anterior crizei financiare, apariția pandemiei de COVID-19 a avut un impact semnificativ asupra bunăstării în țările cele mai afectate.
  • Tinerii se dovedesc a fi una dintre categoriile cele mai afectate de izolare: alături de persoanele fără un loc de muncă, tinerii declară cel mai scăzut nivel de bunăstare, în ciuda unei ușoare îmbunătățiri față de debutul pandemiei. Deși satisfacția cu privire la viață și optimismul au crescut față de aprilie 2020, tinerii continuă să se simtă excluși din societate și rămân cei mai expuși riscului de depresie, ceea ce arată că sunt afectați într-o mai mare măsură de restricțiile din perioada de izolare.
  • În eventualitatea unor valuri viitoare de infectări cu coronavirus, va fi esențial să se ia măsuri de diminuare a riscurilor pentru sănătatea mintală a șomerilor și a tinerilor ca urmare a pandemiei de COVID-19. Măsurile de politică actuale trebuie să includă acordarea de sprijin țintit persoanelor care caută un loc de muncă pentru a se redresa și a face față efectelor pandemiei, precum și asigurarea participării depline a tinerilor în societate.
  • Femeile au fost mai afectate de criza provocată de pandemia de COVID-19 decât bărbații din punctul de vedere al nivelului de optimism și al echilibrului între viața profesională și cea privată. Remedierea acestor probleme va fi esențială pentru a contracara impactul disproporționat al pandemiei asupra femeilor.
  • Păstrarea încrederii cetățenilor în instituțiile naționale și europene trebuie să rămână un obiectiv esențial în perioadele de criză, deoarece respectarea măsurilor de ținere sub control a răspândirii COVID-19 depinde în mare măsură de nivelul de încredere în instituții și în recomandările oamenilor de știință. Creșterea nivelului de încredere în instituții, declarată de respondenții care au beneficiat de măsuri de sprijin, transmite de asemenea un mesaj clar guvernelor naționale și Uniunii Europene.

2021–2024 work plan

During 2021–2024, Eurofound’s research will provide an important insight into the challenges and prospects in the area of living conditions and quality of life in the EU and the role played by various initiatives aimed at alleviating the social hardship of various groups of citizens. Of particular interest are the implications for older people and care needs, youth and their social inclusion and social mobility, and the varying consequences of the crisis on men and women.

Public services across the EU played a major role in addressing the COVID-19 crisis while facing significant challenges and they will be assessed in greater detail, focusing on issues such as quality, access and affordability. As previous findings have shown, the crisis has had disproportionate effects on certain groups according to age, care responsibilities and work-life balance, and Eurofound will analyse this further.

In coordination with the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE), Eurofound intends to research the multidimensional gender gap by investigating the impact on men and women of the COVID-19 crisis in terms of employment participation, material living conditions and well-being – in order to identify the differences and assess its effect on gender gaps.

Addressing stakeholder priorities

Eurofound’s research aims to assist policy action addressing the challenges and opportunities for the EU and national levels in the area of living conditions and quality of life. In particular, it will monitor the impact of COVID-19 and the ensuing economic crisis by providing knowledge on status, trends, risks, as well as ways to improve living conditions in the EU. Eurofound will focus on identifying and analysing pressing issues for the most vulnerable groups, specifically older citizens and young people. Eurofound will also inform policymakers by producing evidence on trends and drivers in relation to the delivery of public services, also linking in, for example, with the European Pillar of Social Rights.

The Agency’s work plan is aligned with the European Commission’s political guidelines over the next four years, directly feeding into a number of key policy areas aimed at creating a strong social Europe. In particular, the research will support policy initiatives and activities linked with the implementation of the European Gender Equality Strategy 2020–2025, the Youth Guarantee, the Child Guarantee and the European Semester and its country-specific recommendations.

 

Eurofound research

In 2024, Eurofound continues to monitor trends in living conditions and quality of life, against the backdrop of the health-related and economic fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic, the implications of the war in Ukraine, rising energy prices, and increases in costs of living. Building on the various rounds of the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey, as well as on data gathered in 2023, the Agency investigates the impact of these challenges on the living conditions of Europeans.

The European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) commences in 2024, including some questions on working conditions and living conditions relevant to the aftermath of COVID-19. The European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS) follows in 2026 using lessons drawn from the 2024 EWCS.

Research concludes on identifying groups not covered by social protection, due to coverage gaps and non-take-up of minimum income and unemployment schemes. It also looks at adequacy of these benefits, digitalisation of application procedures, linked service entitlements and sanctioning measures. Eurofound also publishes its findings on EU citizens’ rights and opportunities to live independently. It analyses the situation faced by various vulnerable groups and provides an overview of measures that facilitate family- and community-based care and support in the Member States.

Building on previous work on young people, research concludes on the life and prospects of young people in the post-pandemic era. Using new data collected in 2023, this research assesses the long-term impact of the pandemic on this group, looking into changes in the social situation of young people, as well as their quality of life, mental health and future prospects.

Analysis of the monitoring framework of the European Child Guarantee comes to an end in 2024, while new research starts to support national governments and the EU institutions in the implementation and evaluation of the Child Guarantee since it came into force. This work investigates the Member States’ levels of performance and their disparities, building on its previous work on convergence. It focuses on the workforce needed to deliver the Child Guarantee in areas of early childhood education and care, education, healthcare and other relevant sectors.

Considering the importance of care provision in EU societies, new research investigates informal care provision in the EU, the challenges faced by informal caregivers, and the measures in place to support them. This research considers care provided to people of all ages, while taking into consideration the diversity among informal carers. 

Eurofound launches new research on mental health services, investigating trends in and prevalence of mental health problems for different groups and how these needs are met in various countries in light of the pandemic and the arrival of Ukrainian refugees. 

Key outputs

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Eurofound's 2024 work programme is set in the context of the upcoming European elections, war in Ukraine, renewed Middle East conflict and rising cost of living across the EU.

23 Ianuarie 2024
Publication
Work programme
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Locuințele la prețuri inabordabile reprezintă un motiv de mare îngrijorare în UE. Problema duce la lipsa de adăpost, la insecuritate locativă, la dificultăți financiare și la locuințe inadecvate. De asemenea...

30 Mai 2023
Publication
Research report
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Anul 2022 a început cu un optimism prudent. Europa ieșea din cei doi ani ai pandemiei de COVID-19, iar NextGenerationEU prezenta un plan de redresare pentru construirea unui viitor puternic...

4 Mai 2023
Publication
Annual report

Eurofound expert(s)

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Hans Dubois is a senior research manager in the Social Policies unit at Eurofound. His research topics include housing, over-indebtedness, healthcare, long-term care, social...

Senior research manager,
Social policies research unit
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Massimiliano Mascherini has been Head of the Social Policies unit at Eurofound since October 2019. He joined Eurofound in 2009 as a research manager, designing and coordinating...

Head of Unit,
Social policies research unit
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Sanna Nivakoski is a research officer in the Social Policies unit at Eurofound. Before joining Eurofound in 2021, she worked as a post-doctoral researcher at University College...

Research officer,
Social policies research unit
Publications results (308)

This report examines quality of life from the unique perspective of the two acceding countries, Bulgaria and Romania. The historical, political, socioeconomic and cultural contexts of these two countries have meant that their experiences are often quite different to those of the EU Member States. In

23 November 2006
Publication
Research report

Childcare is a topic of much debate in the enlarged EU due to demographic changes and an ageing population. Against this background, the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions initiated research into the EU childcare sector, focusing on out-of-school care for

09 November 2006

Raportul, care furnizează prima analiză completă a calităţii vieţii în aceste două ţări în context european, explorează atât condiţiile de viaţă obiective ale locuitorilor din Bulgaria şi respectiv România, cât şi bunăstarea lor subiectivă, precum şi percepţiile oamenilor cu privire la societatea în

11 September 2006

This report explores quality of life in the context of housing conditions. It reveals important differences in housing conditions across European countries, in particular, the basic divide running between the ‘old’ EU15 Member States and the 10 new Member States, along with Bulgaria, Romania and

03 August 2006

In the context of an ageing population and increasing demand for care services in the European Union, there is growing concern about the supply of suitably qualified care workers. Low pay, low status, and high rates of turnover and burnout make it difficult to attract workers to the care sector and

28 July 2006

Childcare is a topic of much debate in the enlarged EU due to demographic changes and an ageing population. Against this background, the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions initiated research into the EU childcare sector, focusing on out-of-school care for

26 July 2006

The report, on which this summary is based, explores quality of life in the context of housing conditions. It reveals significant differences in housing conditions across European countries, in particular, the basic divide running between the ‘old’ EU15 Member States and the 10 new Member States

12 July 2006

The Foundation is working on sustainable childcare services currently available for school-age children in the 25 Member States of the European Union (EU25). The study aims to support the debate on modernisation of care systems in Europe, to review existing information on childcare services and

02 July 2006

In the context of an ageing population and increasing demand for care services in the European Union, there is growing concern about the supply of suitably qualified care workers. Low pay, low status, and high rates of turnover and burnout make it difficult to attract workers to the care sector and

28 June 2006

The Foundation is working on sustainable childcare services currently available for school-age children in the 25 Member States of the European Union (EU25). The study aims to support the debate on modernisation of care systems in Europe, to review existing information on childcare services and

18 June 2006

Online resources results (219)

More measures needed to attract people to teaching

The initial results of a comprehensive study (in Dutch, 398Kb PDF) [1] on teaching as a career have been published. The study was undertaken by the Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB [2]) and the University of Antwerp (Universiteit Antwerpen [3]), and was commissioned by the Flemish Minister of Work

Differences in corporate family policies between MNC HQ and Czech subsidiary

At the turn of 2006 and 2007, the Department of Gender and Sociology of the Sociological Institute of the Academy of Science of the Czech Republic (Sociologický ústav Akademie věd ČR [1]) carried out a research project, which sought to reveal employees’ work-life balance [2] conditions, and the

Fathers’ experience of parental leave

A joint study entitled ‘Fathers on parental leave’ has been carried out in Denmark, Lithuania, Malta and Iceland based on qualitative research with fathers on leave, employers and decision makers. In Malta, the research was commissioned by the Employment and Training Corporation (ETC [1]). The study

Benefits of work–life balance measures in SMEs

The report /Promoting equal opportunities in small and medium-sized enterprises/ (La promozione delle pari opportunità nelle piccole e medie imprese (923Kb PDF) [1]), published by the Confederation of Italian Industry (Confederazione Generale dell’Industria Italiana, Confindustria [2]), investigates

Parents and family–work conflict

At the request of the Ministry of Social Security and Labour (Socialinės apsaugos ir darbo ministerija, SADM [1]), a joint research group conducted a survey in 2008 analysing parents’ needs for ensuring the welfare of their families. The methodology used was a representative survey of households

Majority of employers adopt work–life balance measures

In 2009, the Employment and Training Corporation (ETC [1]), Malta’s public employment service organisation, commissioned a transnational study on work–life reconciliation measures. The research was co-funded by the European Commission [2], with the countries Cyprus, Iceland, Slovenia and Sweden also

Role of public employment service in reconciling work and family life

The research project ‘Reconciliation of work and family life in Slovenia: Role of the public employment service’ was carried out by a group of researchers from the Faculty of Social Sciences of the University of Ljubljana [1] in 2008. The project sought to examine the framework for reconciling work

Reported health differences between working and non-working people

In 2006, almost 25% of the Norwegian population aged between 16 and 66 years was regarded as belonging to the population group of non-working individuals. Reasons for not working were classified into six categories: disability, unemployment, having an old-age or early retirement pension, acting as a

Role of managers in facilitating work–life balance

The Irish Congress of Trade Unions (ICTU [1]) published a research paper in 2009, exploring the role of managers in relation to work-life balance [2] policies. The study is entitled Living to work or working to live? The role of managers in creating work–life balance in Ireland (181Kb PDF) [3]. [1]

Gender differences in quality of work and life

The project ‘QUALITY of life in a changing Europe [1]’ (2006–2009) has been conducted in eight countries – Bulgaria, Finland, Germany, Hungary, the Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden and the UK – under the European Community Sixth Framework Programme. Based on quantitative and qualitative research, the


Blogs results (32)
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Vaccine acceptance is key to the success of COVID-19 vaccination campaigns worldwide. Worryingly, over a quarter of people living in Europe are hesitant about taking a COVID-19 vaccine, and the level of hesitancy is especially high among heavy users of social media. The spread of misinformation on s

23 Iunie 2021
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An ageing Europe and rising public expenditure on long-term care have signalled for some time that the fundamentals of care provision need to be addressed. However, the shocking death toll in care homes during the COVID-19 pandemic and the fact that many long-term care services were ill-equipped to

2 Decembrie 2020
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As Europe faces into what appears to be a second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, concern is mounting about the evolution and dramatic impact of the disease, with rising numbers of infections, hospitalisations and deaths. There is also a growing focus on the repercussions for the economy, the labour m

7 Octombrie 2020
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​​​​​​​While women appear to be more resilient than men to COVID-19 in terms of health outcomes, that is not the case when it comes to the economic and social fallout. Measures taken by governments to control the spread of the virus are exacerbating gender divides in unemployment, domestic labour an

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While we now know that the idea that ‘COVID-19 only affects older people’ is fake news, the first weeks of the pandemic have shown that young people are in general more resilient than older people to the disease. But are they also more resilient to its social and economic impacts?

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The impact of COVID-19 continues to create chaos in people’s lives across Europe and the world. The economy is heading towards another major dip, and a sense of general insecurity pervades. The daunting challenges confronting health services and projections on the long-term impact of the crisis domi

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The votes have been cast, tallied and declared and we can now see the political landscape of the new European Parliament. It is a complex picture: there has been growth of far-right and populist parties, but well short of what was projected, and at the same time there has been a boost for pro

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Depopulation of rural areas and the concentration of employment and education opportunities in urban centres is a fact of modern life. What impact does this have on the quality of life of rural residents? Do they feel increasingly isolated, and what are the emerging trends? New research by Eurofound

8 Mai 2019
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Europe is showing visible signs of progress; in most countries, labour markets are healthier than they have been in a decade, with more people active and in work than ever before, while social exclusion is declining. However, it is also a continent in transition, where an imbalance in opportunities

18 Iunie 2018

Upcoming publications results (4)

This factsheet will provide a snapshot of society and quality of life in spring 2024. It will look at a number of issues, including mental well-being, trust, access to healthcare, social support and coping with increases in the cost of living. The analysis is based on the Living and working in the

December 2024

This report analyses data from Eurofound’s European Working Conditions Telephone Survey (EWCTS), the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey and official statistics to examine employment trends, working conditions and social inclusion challenges experienced by young people in the Western Balkans (Alba

November 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report

This report explores the implications of the right of all EU citizens to live independently. It investigates the barriers faced by people who wish to live independently, and the situation of people at risk of living in institutional settings. It maps the various measures taken by EU Member States to

October 2024

Social protection can include a range of entitlements to monetary and in-kind benefits. Eurofound’s project focuses on unemployment and minimum income benefits. Social protection can provide a safety net for people who are negatively impacted by the green and digital transitions. During the COVID-19

September 2024
Data results (1)
24 Octombrie 2023
Reference period:

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