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Předvídání a řízení dopadu změn

Předvídání a řízení dopadu změn tvoří jednu ze šesti hlavních činností pracovního programu nadace Eurofound na období 2021–2024. Nadace Eurofound předloží důkazy o strukturálním rozvoji, který má vliv na evropské hospodářství a trhy práce a který je do značné míry důsledkem digitalizace a přechodu na uhlíkově neutrální hospodářství , ale také krize COVID-19. Cílem výzkumu je pomoci tvůrcům politik předvídat tyto změny a připravit na ně evropské trhy práce a pracoviště.

Od roku 2021 bude nadace Eurofound zpřístupňovat informace o dopadu těchto megatrendů na životní a pracovní podmínky v EU. V oblasti digitalizace se výzkum zaměří na dopad na zaměstnanost a pracovní podmínky, jakož i na trh práce. Výzkum se bude mimo jiné zabývat sociálním dialogem a jeho rolí při utváření strukturálních změn, právního rámce, sociální ochrany a umělé inteligence. V návaznosti na předchozí výzkum o práci prostřednictvím platforem bude období 2021–2024 příležitostí zaměřit se na zmapování a vyhodnocení efektivity politických iniciativ v rámci řešení obtíží zjištěných u práce prostřednictvím platforem.

Cílem nadace Eurofound je také prozkoumat příslušné socioekonomické dopady a podpořit tak přechod EU na uhlíkově neutrální hospodářství, včetně oběhového hospodářství a zavedení nástroje EU na podporu oživení Next Generation EU. Tyto dopady zahrnují změny v oblasti zaměstnanosti a transformaci pracovních pozic a pracovních podmínek, jakož i distribuční dopad politik v oblasti změny klimatu. Část této činnosti bude navazovat na výsledky pilotního projektu o budoucnosti výroby provedeného nadací Eurofound.

V této činnosti bude nadace Eurofound pokračovat i v letech 2021–2024, přičemž bude spolupracovat s různými mezinárodními organizacemi a agenturami EU, například s Evropskou agenturou pro životní prostředí (EEA) na téma sociálních dopadů politiky v oblasti změny klimatu. Bude také konsolidována stávající spolupráce s dalšími výzkumnými subjekty v oblasti digitalizace – Společným výzkumným střediskem (JRC), Agenturou EU pro základní práva (FRA) a Evropskou agenturou pro bezpečnost a ochranu zdraví při práci (EU-OSHA). Počítá se rovněž s rozvojem partnerství s Mezinárodní organizací práce v oblasti měnícího se světa práce.

„Evropské hospodářství a trhy práce se vyznačují tím, že se na nich projevuje dopad megatrendů, zejména digitalizace a přechodu na uhlíkově neutrální hospodářství. Je důležité prozkoumat, jak přesně tyto transformace fungují, co se mění a jaký to bude mít dopad nejen na podniky, ale také na pracovní sílu a společnost.“

Irene Mandl, vedoucí oddělení zaměstnanosti

Topic

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Klíčová politická sdělení

Infografika

Hlavní zjištění výzkumu nadace Eurofound slouží jako podklad pro tvůrce politik při řešení některých klíčových problémů v této oblasti.

  • Zásadní význam má při souběžném přechodu do digitálního věku a na uhlíkově neutrální hospodářství podpora zaměstnavatelů a zaměstnanců. Kromě tohoto strukturálního vývoje představuje obrovskou výzvu pro evropské hospodářství a trh práce nedávná pandemie COVID-19.
  • Na evropských trzích práce se stále více prosazují nové formy zaměstnanosti, jako je práce prostřednictvím platforem a mobilní práce s využitím informačních a komunikačních technologií. Za jejich rozvojem stojí využívání informačních a komunikačních technologií a jsou pro ně charakteristické nové typy pracovněprávních vztahů mezi zaměstnavatelem a zaměstnancem, které mění organizaci a formy práce. Na evropské trhy práce, které čelí přechodu na uhlíkově neutrální hospodářství a digitální transformaci v kontextu pandemie COVID-19, přináší příležitosti i rizika.
  • Digitální technologie mění práci i pracoviště a vyvolávají na trhu práce změny, jako jsou restrukturalizace a ztráty pracovních míst, začínají se však rovněž objevovat nové profily pracovních pozic. Charakter úkolů u pracovních pozic se přizpůsobuje digitalizaci výroby a služeb. Výsledkem je poptávka po odlišných dovednostech.
  • Bude důležité prozkoumat společné vlivy digitalizace a přechodu na uhlíkově neutrální hospodářství po pandemii COVID-19 a způsob, jak se navzájem posilují nebo jak mohou přínosy na jedné straně vyvážit negativní vlivy na straně druhé.
  • Potenciál k vytváření, shromažďování a používání velkého množství dat, který přinášejí nové technologie, může zlepšit konkurenceschopnost evropských podniků a kvalitu pracovních míst. Bude však velmi důležité zajistit vyjasnění a řádnou regulaci důležitých otázek, jako je vlastnictví údajů a jejich ochrana, a zavést příslušná řešení, aby nedocházelo ke zneužívání údajů a neetickému chování.

2021–2024 work plan

From 2021 onwards, Eurofound will provide insights into the impact of these megatrends on living and working conditions in the EU. In the area of digitalisation, research will focus on the impact on employment and working conditions, as well as on the labour market. Areas to be covered will include social dialogue and its role in shaping structural change, regulatory frameworks, social protection and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Building on previous research on platform work, the 2021–2024 period will be an opportunity to focus on mapping and providing an assessment of the effectiveness of policy initiatives in tackling the challenges identified with platform work.

Eurofound will also aim to support the EU’s transition to a carbon-neutral economy, including the circular economy and the implementation of the EU’s recovery instrument NextGenerationEU, by investigating the socioeconomic effects. These include employment shifts and the transformation of jobs and working conditions, as well as the distributional impact of climate change policies. Some of this work will build on the results of a pilot project on the future of manufacturing (FOME) carried out by Eurofound.

To continue this work in 2021–2024, Eurofound will cooperate with various international organisations and EU agencies, for example with the European Environment Agency (EEA) in the area of social impacts of climate change policies. Furthermore, existing collaboration with other research actors in the fields of digitalisation – the Joint Research Centre (JRC), Fundamental Rights Agency (FRA) and European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) – will be consolidated. Further partnership with the International Labour Organization (ILO) is also foreseen on the subject of the changing world of work.

Addressing stakeholder priorities

Eurofound’s research aims to assist policy action to address the transitions to both a carbon-neutral economy and the digital age in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as helping to understand the impact of these changes at EU and national levels. For example, research on the impact of these drivers of change on the workplace level will provide insight into how to best support employers and workers so they can seize the opportunities and mitigate the challenges related to these developments. Eurofound’s research will also seek to support businesses in their efforts to adapt to a constantly evolving global economy. Furthermore, the examination of the distributional impacts of climate change policies and of measures to ensure social justice will provide knowledge to help implement the Just Transition Fund. The monitoring of reforms and recent financial support will also allow for an exchange of policy approaches and lessons learned.

The Agency’s work plan is aligned with the European Commission’s political guidelines for 2021–2024, feeding directly into a number of key policy areas aimed at creating a strong social Europe. In particular, the research will support the following Commission priorities:

 

Eurofound research

In 2024, Eurofound continues its research on the impact of digitalisation and the transition to a climate-neutral economy on working life. 

Various research strands linked with the digital and green transitions come to completion. This includes research into the impact of new developments in human–machine interaction on work organisation and working conditions. Research concludes on the impact of changes caused by the twin transitions at the sectoral level, focusing on the transformation of business activities, occupational and skill profiles, work organisation and working conditions. And analysis wraps up on the roles, opportunities and challenges of policy actors in the just transition, examining the design and implementation of Just Transition policies at the regional level, their mechanisms and the actors involved. 

Research continues on the impact of the green and digital transitions on the labour market and labour market actors with a project to explore company restructuring approaches and their ongoing adaptation strategies. Further research takes place on the socioeconomic impact of the transition to a carbon-neutral economy, monitoring the employment and social dimension of the green transition.

New research focuses on how managers’ roles and functions are impacted by the increase in telework and the shift towards more hybrid working in terms of challenges and opportunities.

The ongoing monitoring of the developments in the platform economy continues through Eurofound’s regularly updated web repository. Building on previous studies on platform work and the ongoing monitoring of policies and measures with regard to platform work through the web repository, new research focuses on the working conditions of online platform workers. This work aims to explore the characteristics of online platform workers and how they fare in relation to contractual arrangements and job quality, including pay, work intensity, working time, occupational health and safety, social environment and career prospects. It also explores the career goals of platform workers. 

Key outputs

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Eurofound's 2024 work programme is set in the context of the upcoming European elections, war in Ukraine, renewed Middle East conflict and rising cost of living across the EU.

23 Leden 2024
Publication
Work programme
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Rok 2022 začal s opatrným optimismem. Evropa se vzpamatovávala ze dvou let pandemie covidu-19, přičemž nástroj NextGenerationEU stanovil plán oživení, který je zaměřen na silnou a udržitelnou budoucnost. Ruský útok...

4 Květen 2023
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Annual report

Eurofound expert(s)

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Tina Weber is a research manager in Eurofound’s Working Life unit. Having previously shared her time between the Employment and Working Life units, her work has focused on labour...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
Publications results (64)

Protectionism is on the rise. This scenario estimates the potential impact of a significant increase in tariffs in the world’s major trading blocs. The analysis is carried out using the E3ME macroeconometric model, which provides information on sectoral impacts, together with the Warwick Labour

14 March 2019

Building on the analysis of national apprenticeship systems in the 2018 Eurofound report Adaptation of national apprenticeship systems to advanced manufacturing, this report summarises the results of 14 case studies of good practice in the manufacturing sector in five EU Member States (Denmark, Fran

28 February 2019

This report explores the potential employment and economic impacts of an EU transition to a low-carbon economy by 2030 – on the EU, and on other regions of the world. It analyses the impacts across sectors and occupations, with a particular focus on manufacturing.The report highlights that the

12 February 2019

This report examines the issues in relation to ‘work on demand’, a topic that has received considerable attention in the media recently, mainly due to its links with the platform economy. Work on demand is often presented as a ‘win–win situation’: workers get to tailor their work according to their

14 December 2018

This report explores the motivations, opportunities and challenges of born globals and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in integrating and managing their global value chains (GVCs). The study also investigates the role of selected policy measures in supporting SME internationalisation, incl

14 December 2018

Apprenticeships combining alternating periods at the workplace and in training institutions are well suited to providing young people with an entry point into the labour market and to supplying enterprises with skilled workers. This report examines apprenticeship systems and practices in the manufac

31 October 2018

Using data from the sixth European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS), carried out in 2015, the ERM report 2018 examines how workplace factors may influence the relationship between restructuring (with job losses) and the outcomes for employees. It also reviews policy and academic research on good

25 October 2018

Platform work is a form of employment that uses an online platform to match the supply of and demand for paid labour. In Europe, platform work is still small in scale but is rapidly developing. The types of work offered through platforms are ever-increasing, as are the challenges for existing

24 September 2018

This overview report summarises the findings of 20 case studies looking at recent changes in the task content of five manufacturing occupations (car assemblers, meat processing workers, hand-packers, chemical products plant and machine operators and inspection engineers) as a result of factors such

06 September 2018

Across Europe, new forms of employment are emerging that differ significantly from traditional employment. Some of these forms of employment transform the relationship between employer and employee while others change work organisation and work patterns.

25 July 2018

Online resources results (48)

Biomedical healthcare industry - visions of the future

/This second article in the Sector Futures series on the biomedical healthcare sector focuses on the main factors shaping the present and future of the industry. It assesses the major trends and drivers, and evaluates different scenarios for the biomedical healthcare industry. The article also

Biomedical healthcare industry - what future?

/The biomedical healthcare sector comprises biotechnologies dedicated to the treatment of human beings. The first of three articles in the Sector Futures series on biomedical healthcare looks at key features of the sector, including the size and structure of its market, the nature of employment, the

The chemicals sector - what future?

/Sector Futures provides specialised reports based on current foresight studies and reliable data sources. December 2005 features the second and third article in the series on the future of the chemicals sector, excluding pharmaceuticals. The articles explore the trends and drivers likely to shape

The hotels and catering sector - what future?

/Sector Futures provides specialised reports based on the monitoring of existing foresight studies, scenario work, innovation studies and reliable data sources. December 2005 features the complete Sector Futures article series on the hotels and catering sector. It sets out by defining the sector

The knowledge-intensive business services sector - what future?

/Sector Futures provides specialised reports based on the monitoring of existing foresight studies, scenario work, innovation studies and reliable data sources. The second article in the Sector Futures series on the knowledge-intensive business sector explores, in greater depth, the reasons for the

The transport sector - what future?

/Sector Futures provides specialised reports based on the monitoring of existing foresight studies, scenario work, innovation studies and reliable data sources. The third article in the series on the transport sector (May 2005) explores some of the issues that have arisen from policies of the

The food and drink sector - what future?

/Sector Futures provides specialised reports based on the monitoring of existing foresight studies, scenario work, innovation studies and reliable data sources. The third feature in this series on the food and drink sector (January 2005) discusses the future of Europe’s food and drink manufacturing

The health and social services sector - what future?

/Sector Futures provides specialised reports based on the monitoring of existing foresight studies, scenario work, innovation studies and reliable data sources. January 2005 features the third and last article in the series on the future of the health and social services sector. The paper examines


Blogs results (27)
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In the abstract, platform work is the matching of supply and demand for paid work through an online platform. In practice, most people are likely to have encountered it through big online platforms such as Uber, Deliveroo or Amazon Mechanical Turk. This is a new form employment that began to emerge

2 Listopad 2018
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Manual jobs in European manufacturing are being transformed as blue-collar workers take on more intellectual tasks. This is a consequence of the increasing use of digital tools and the growing importance of quality control in production. The severe losses of middle-paying jobs in the manufacturing s

27 Září 2018
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Digital technologies are transforming work, but the implications have not yet been fully grasped. In a recent Eurofound report, we focus on three main vectors of change to discuss the effects of digital technologies on work and employment and the policy responses such change demands.

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There are fears that thousands of jobs could be lost in financial services following the UK’s exit from the European Union. This blog piece explores some of the implications of Brexit for London’s financial hub, including the reactions of US banks.

12 Únor 2018
New-generation cars boost manufacturing employment

Rising levels of employment in manufacturing in the EU since 2013 have seen the part reversal of a long-term decline in employment in this sector. Data from the European Restructuring Monitor (ERM) database to early September 2017 show that, for the first time since 2005, the number of new manufactu

25 Říjen 2017
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In the digital age, there are fewer routine jobs because of a higher risk of automation. But a great paradox of this age is this: workers in most types of jobs, including high-skilled ones, are reporting higher levels of routine at work. This emerges from a new study of the task content of occupatio

28 Září 2016
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Since the advent of the Industrial Revolution, technological change has brought both opportunities and risks. However, the widespread entry of computing technology into the workplace in the 1980s, and in particular the arrival of the World Wide Web in the 1990s, has profoundly affected society and

25 Květen 2016

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