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Sozialer Dialog

Sozialer Dialog kann als Verhandlungen, Beratungen, gemeinsame Maßnahmen, Diskussionen und Informationsaustausch unter Beteiligung von Arbeitgebern und Arbeitnehmern definiert werden. Ein gut funktionierender sozialer Dialog ist ein Schlüsselinstrument für die Gestaltung der Arbeitsbedingungen, wobei eine Vielzahl von Akteuren auf verschiedenen Ebenen beteiligt sind. Er sorgt für einen Ausgleich der Interessen von Arbeitnehmern und Arbeitgebern und trägt zu wirtschaftlicher Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und zum sozialen Zusammenhalt bei.

Die jüngsten politischen Debatten auf EU-Ebene haben gezeigt, dass insbesondere seit der Krise im Jahr 2008 in den neu geführten Diskussionen über soziale Gerechtigkeit, Demokratie, Qualität der Arbeit und neue Modelle für die Arbeitsbeziehungen die traditionellen Arbeitsbeziehungen und Systeme des sozialen Dialogs infrage gestellt werden.

Dreißig Jahre nach der historischen Eröffnung des europäischen sozialen Dialogs in Val Duchesse in Brüssel brachte die Kommission mit einer hochrangigen Veranstaltung, die am 5. März 2015 stattfand und an der Sozialpartnerorganisationen aus ganz Europa teilnahmen, den Prozess eines Neubeginns des sozialen Dialogs auf den Weg. Der europäische soziale Dialog ist ein Instrument der EU-Sozialpolitik, das direkt zur Gestaltung des EU-Arbeitsrechts und der EU-Arbeitspolitik beiträgt.

 

Topic

Recent updates

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From January to June 2022, Eurofound supported the work of France's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page
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From July to December 2023, Eurofound supported the work of Spain's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page

EU context

Tätigkeiten von Eurofound

Politische Entscheidungsträger benötigen solide Fakten, um die auf dem Arbeitsmarkt stattfindenden Veränderungen zu verstehen und auf die sich verändernde Dynamik bei den Arbeitsbedingungen in Europa reagieren zu können. Eurofound legt Daten und Analysen zugrunde, die sich auf sein Netzwerk von Korrespondenten in den 28 EU-Mitgliedstaaten und Norwegen stützen, um Trends und Muster zu erfassen und auf Beispiele eines gut funktionierenden sozialen Dialogs auf europäischer und nationaler Ebene hinzuweisen.

Im Rahmen seiner Forschungsarbeiten untersucht Eurofound Aspekte wie Arbeitnehmerbeteiligung, Tarifverhandlungen, Mitarbeitervertretung und Arbeitsbeziehungen auf allen Ebenen. Dabei wird der Umfang untersucht, in dem sich die Arbeitsbeziehungen an das Entstehen multinationaler Organisationen angepasst haben. Zudem werden aus globaler Sicht Systeme der Arbeitsbeziehungen und Ergebnisse in Volkswirtschaften außerhalb der EU, wie den USA und Japan, verglichen.

Wichtige Beiträge

Eurofound hat im Laufe von über 40 Jahren umfassende Arbeiten zu den zahlreichen und sich verändernden Facetten des sozialen Dialogs in Europa auf den verschiedenen Ebenen (auf Unternehmensebene, nationaler, europäischer und internationaler Ebene) erstellt.

In den vergangenen Jahren hat Eurofound eingehende Analysen der verschiedenen Themen im Mittelpunkt des sozialen Dialogs durchgeführt, wie etwa 

Die Repräsentativitätsstudien, die Eurofound im Anschluss an einen Auftrag der Kommission im Jahr 2006 in einer Reihe von Sektoren durchgeführt hat, liefern die grundlegenden Informationen, die für den Aufbau und die Tätigkeit der Ausschüsse für den sektoralen sozialen Dialog in Europa notwendig sind.

Ressourcen

Das 2005 als Online-Referenzinstrument für politische Entscheidungsträger und Praktiker entwickelte Europäische Wörterbuch der Arbeitsbeziehungen ist eine wertvolle Informationsquelle zu Beschäftigung und Arbeitsbeziehungen in der EU. Die Länderprofile zum Arbeitsleben bieten einschlägige Kontextinformationen zu den Strukturen, Einrichtungen und Regelungen des Arbeitslebens in den 28 EU-Mitgliedstaaten und Norwegen sowie auf EU-Ebene.

Die Datenbanken zu Tarifverhandlungen und Löhnen, Arbeitszeiten und Tarifstreitigkeiten sollen Wissenschaftlern und politischen Entscheidungsträgern quantitative und qualitative Informationen zu diesen Themen für alle Mitgliedstaaten und Norwegen vom Jahr 2000 bis zur Gegenwart bereitstellen.

Key outputs

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In den vergangenen Jahren war über alle EU-Mitgliedstaaten hinweg – von einigen statistischen Ausreißern abgesehen – ein Rückgang der Arbeitskampfaktivität zu beobachten. Dieser Trend hat sich während der COVID-19-Pandemie fortgesetzt...

7 Februar 2022
Publication
Research report
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This publication consists of individual country reports on working life during 2020 for 29 countries – the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. The country reports summarise...

23 März 2021
Publication
Other
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Im Rahmen ihres Auftrags, den Dialog zwischen Arbeitgebern und Arbeitnehmern zu fördern, überwacht und analysiert Eurofound seit über 40 Jahren die Entwicklungen der Systeme der Arbeitsbeziehungen auf EU-Ebene und in...

11 Dezember 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

In the course of the programming period 2021–2024, Eurofound will continue regular monitoring of social dialogue, including through the EU PolicyWatch database.

Other topics addressed include:

  • Monitoring of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement 
  • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue 
  • Research on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
  • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations.

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
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Mária Sedláková is a research officer in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for drafting overview reports for sectoral representativeness studies, management...

Research officer,
Working life research unit
Publications results (251)

This paper is one in a series of sector profiles giving an overview of structural characteristics, work organisation practices, human resource management, employee participation and social dialogue in the business, administration and other services sector. It is based on the third European Company

22 December 2016

This paper is one in a series of sector profiles giving an overview of structural characteristics, work organisation practices, human resource management, employee participation and social dialogue in the industry sector. It is based on the third European Company Survey (ECS). The sector includes

22 December 2016

This paper is one in a series of sector profiles giving an overview of structural characteristics, work organisation practices, human resource management, employee participation and social dialogue in the financial services sector. It is based on the third European Company Survey (ECS). The sector

22 December 2016

This paper is one in a series of sector profiles giving an overview of structural characteristics, work organisation practices, human resource management, employee participation and social dialogue in the transport sector. It is based on the third European Company Survey (ECS). The sector includes

22 December 2016

This paper is one in a series of sector profiles giving an overview of structural characteristics, work organisation practices, human resource management, employee participation and social dialogue in the commerce and hospitality sector. It is based on the third European Company Survey (ECS). The

22 December 2016

This paper is one in a series of sector profiles giving an overview of structural characteristics, work organisation practices, human resource management, employee participation and social dialogue in the construction sector. It is based on the third European Company Survey (ECS). The sector

22 December 2016

The representativeness of social partners provides legitimacy for their various roles in industrial relations, whether through the vehicle of social dialogue, collective bargaining or involvement in government policymaking or implementation. This report compares the different ways in which the

19 December 2016

The aim of this representativeness study is to identify the relevant national and supranational social players (that is, the trade unions and employer organisations) in the field of industrial relations in the personal services–hair and beauty sector, and to show how these players relate to the

16 December 2016

The fraudulent contracting of work is an important issue in many European countries today. EU and national policymakers have turned their attention to violations of the basic protection provided by employment law and collective bargaining that are linked to the fraudulent use of certain employment

21 November 2016

This study provides information designed to encourage sectoral social dialogue in the extractive industries sector. The aim of Eurofound’s series of representativeness studies is to identify the relevant national and supranational social partner organisations in the field of industrial relations in

28 October 2016

Online resources results (435)

Poland: Latest working life developments – Q3 2016

A protest in the public healthcare system, discontent in the education sector, significant legislative initiatives and support for a ban on Sunday shop opening are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Poland in the

Greece: Public opinion and social dialogue on labour market reforms

Ahead of further negotiations on the terms of the Greek bailout, two recent surveys are directly linked to the issues under negotiation and reflect the views of public opinion. The government has also organised tripartite meetings with social partners in an attempt to seek mutually acceptable

Finland: Tripartite Competitiveness Pact signed

The ‘Competitiveness Pact’, a tripartite labour market agreement, was signed in June 2016 after over a year of difficult negotiations. The Pact involves a nationally and internationally exceptional deterioration of workers’ terms and conditions. The negotiation process had disruptive repercussions

Denmark: Latest working life developments – Q2 2016

The debate on EU membership sparked by the Brexit referendum, the current state of tripartite negotiations on the integration of refugees and an occupational health and safety case at Siemens Wind Power are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest

Slovenia: Latest working life developments – Q2 2016

Deterioration of social dialogue, discontent among public sector workers after the police wage increase, small wins for workers and vocational education and training priorities are among the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working

EU Level: Latest working life developments – Q2 2016

The latest Country Specific Recommendations for Member States, the recent EU-level boost for social dialogue, the latest developments on the revision of the Posting of Workers Directive and recent migration initiatives are among the main topics of interest in this article. This update reports on the

Lithuania: Latest working life developments – Q2 2016

The debate on the controversial new Labour Code, the opening of an information centre for posted and migrant workers, and the rise in the minimum monthly wage are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Lithuania in the

Romania: Relaunch of the Economic and Social Council

A new Government emergency ordinance is expected to re-launch the activity of the most important consultative tripartite body, the Economic and Social Council.

France: Latest working life developments – Q2 2016

Adoption of the new labour code, the failure of collective bargaining on unemployment schemes and a study on the negative impact of night work are among the main points of interest of this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in France in the second quarter

Romania: Latest working life developments – Q2 2016

Opposition to new measures to reduce public sector wage inequality, a fresh start for the Social and Economic Council, and new measures to reconcile family and working life are the main topics of interest of this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in Romanian working


Blogs results (6)

The COVID-19 pandemic made us acutely aware of how dependent our society is on certain essential workers. We felt deep gratitude towards workers in healthcare especially, because they worked ceaselessly in often-difficult conditions.

22 November 2023
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Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

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In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers (i

28 Oktober 2020
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The workings of industrial relations are constantly evolving. In this blog piece, Eurofound authors Christian Welz and Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras discuss a tool that Eurofound has developed to enable this process of change to be monitored and analysed, enabling stakeholders in Member States to asse

28 März 2018
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Europe has gone through significant economic change over the past decade. Businesses have had to manage the challenges posed by the financial crisis, globalisation and a rapidly changing labour market. Eurofound's new report Win-win arrangements: Innovative measures through social dialogue at compan

3 Oktober 2016
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The new European Commission (EC) under President Jean-Claude Juncker is committed to re-launching social dialogue and a first step was taken with the organisation of a high-level conference in Brussels on 5 March. The aim of the conference was to discuss concrete ways to strengthen social dialogue w

20 April 2015
Upcoming publications results (7)

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

July 2025

This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

March 2025

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

November 2024

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