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Sotsiaaldialoog

Sotsiaaldialoogi võib määratleda kui tööandjate ja töötajate osalusel toimuvaid läbirääkimisi, konsultatsioone, ühismeetmete võtmist, arutelusid ja teabe jagamist. Hästi toimiv sotsiaaldialoog on töötingimuste kujundamise oluline vahend, millesse kaasatakse mitmesuguseid eri tasandite osalejaid. See tasakaalustab töötajate ja tööandjate huve ning edendab nii majanduslikku konkurentsivõimet kui ka sotsiaalset ühtekuuluvust.

Hiljuti ELi tasandil peetud poliitilistes aruteludes rõhutati, et eriti 2008. aasta kriisi järel on tekkinud uued arutelud sotsiaalse õigluse, demokraatia, töö kvaliteedi ja töösuhete uute mudelite teemal, mis vastanduvad traditsioonilistele töösuhete ja sotsiaaldialoogi süsteemidele.

Kolmkümmend aastat pärast Euroopa sotsiaaldialoogi ajaloolist algatamist Brüsselis Val Duchess’i lossis käivitas komisjon taas sotsiaaldialoogi 5. märtsil 2015 korraldatud kõrgetasemelisel üritusel, mis tõi kokku Euroopa sotsiaalpartnerite organisatsioonid. Euroopa sotsiaaldialoog on ELi sotsiaalpoliitika vahend, mis aitab otseselt kujundada ELi tööõigust ja -poliitikat.

Topic

Recent updates

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French presidency 2022: Eurofound's contribution

From January to June 2022, Eurofound supported the work of France's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page
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Spanish presidency 2023: Eurofound's contribution

From July to December 2023, Eurofound supported the work of Spain's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page

EU context

Eurofoundi töö

Poliitikakujundajad vajavad kindlaid tõendeid, et mõista tööturul toimuvaid muutusi ja reageerida Euroopa töösuhete muutuvale dünaamikale. Eurofound kasutab oma 28 ELi liikmesriigis ja Norras asuvate korrespondentide võrgustiku andmeid ja analüüse, et teha kindlaks suundumused ja harjumused ning tuua näiteid hästi toimiva sotsiaaldialoogi kohta nii Euroopa kui ka riikide tasandil.

Eurofoundi uuringutes käsitletakse selliseid aspekte, nagu töötajate osalus, kollektiivläbirääkimised, töötajate esindamine ja töösuhted kõikidel tasanditel. Uuritakse, mil määral on töösuhted kohanenud hargmaiste organisatsioonide tekkega. Uurimisteemasid käsitletakse ka ülemaailmsest perspektiivist, võrreldes töösuhete süsteeme ja tulemusi Euroopa Liidu välistes riikides, näiteks USAs ja Jaapanis.

Põhipanus

Eurofound on teinud 40 aasta jooksul palju tööd, uurides Euroopa sotsiaaldialoogi mitmekülgseid ja muutuvaid aspekte ettevõtte, riigi, Euroopa ja rahvusvahelisel tasandil.

Viimastel aastatel on Eurofound põhjalikult analüüsinud mitmesuguseid sotsiaaldialoogi keskseid teemasid: 

Eurofoundi representatiivsuse uuringud, mida ta pärast komisjonilt volituste saamist 2006. aastal mitmes sektoris korraldas, annavad Euroopa valdkondliku sotsiaaldialoogi komiteede loomiseks ja tegutsemiseks vajaliku põhiteabe.

Ressursid

2005. aastal poliitika kujundajate ja elluviijate veebivahendina välja töötatud Euroopa töösuhete sõnastik on ELi tööhõive ja töösuhete alase teabe väärtuslik hoidla. Riikide tööelu kirjeldused annavad asjakohast taustteavet EL 28 liikmesriigi ja Norra ning ELi tasandi tööeluga seotud struktuuride, institutsioonide ja eeskirjade kohta.

Kollektiivsete palgaläbirääkimiste ning palkade, tööaja ja kollektiivvaidluste andmebaasi eesmärk on anda teadlastele ja poliitikakujundajatele kvantitatiivset ja kvalitatiivset teavet nende teemade kohta kõikides liikmesriikides ja Norras alates 2000. aastast kuni praeguseni.

Key outputs

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Sotsiaaldialoog ja kollektiivläbirääkimised haiglasektoris COVID-19 pandeemia ajal

Aruandes analüüsitakse sotsiaaldialoogi ja kollektiivläbirääkimiste rolli COVID-19 pandeemia põhjustatud või süvendatud probleemide lahendamisel haiglasektoris. Samuti uuritakse, kas olemasolevaid sotsiaaldialoogi ja kollektiivläbirääkimiste protsesse riiklikul tasandil kohandati, et neid uusi probleeme lahendada...

1 detsember 2022
Publication
Research report
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Kollektiivsed töövaidlused ELis

Viimastel aastatel, välja arvates mõned katkendlikud hüpped, on töövõitlused ELi liikmesriikides üldiselt vähenenud. COVID-19 pandeemia ajal see suundumus jätkus ning pole üllatav, et kõige olulisemad töövaidlused esinesid inimeste tervishoiu- ja...

7 veebruar 2022
Publication
Research report
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Working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020

This publication consists of individual country reports on working life during 2020 for 29 countries – the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. The country reports summarise...

23 märts 2021
Publication
Other
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Sotsiaalpartnerite kaasamine poliitika kujundamisse COVID-19 puhangu ajal

Euroopa Elu- ja Töötingimuste Parandamise Sihtasutus (Eurofound) on jälginud alates 2016. aastast tähelepanelikult riiklike sotsiaalpartnerite kaasamist poliitika kujundamisse Euroopa poolaasta tsükli raames. 2020. aastal keskenduti sotsiaalpartnerite kaasamisele COVID-19 puhangu esimestel kuudel. Kuigi...

9 märts 2021
Publication
Research report
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Töösuhted: 2015.–2019. aasta arengusuunad

Osana oma ülesandest edendada sotsiaaldialoogi on Eurofound jälginud ja analüüsinud töösuhete süsteemide arengut Euroopa Liidu tasandil ja Euroopa Liidu liikmesriikides üle 40 aasta. Juhtalgatuste aruanne põhineb tööl, mida tehti selles...

11 detsember 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

In the course of the programming period 2021–2024, Eurofound will continue regular monitoring of social dialogue, including through the EU PolicyWatch database.

Other topics addressed include:

  • Monitoring of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement 
  • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue 
  • Research on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
  • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations.

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras

Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
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Mária Sedláková

Mária Sedláková is a research officer in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for drafting overview reports for sectoral representativeness studies, management...

Research officer,
Working life research unit
Publications results (251)

Taaste- ja vastupidavusrahastu sotsiaalne juhtimine: riiklike sotsiaalpartnerite kaasamine

Three years after the adoption of the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF), this report reviews the quality of the social partners’ involvement in 2023 in the ongoing implementation of reforms and investments funded by that initiative. It also examines the quality of their involvement in the prepa

26 February 2024
Publication
Research report
Töösuhted ja sotsiaaldialoog
Sotsiaaldialoog
Social partners
Töösuhted
Structural change

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Furniture sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the furniture sector.

08 December 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Woodworking sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the woodworking sector.

21 November 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the social partners in European cross-industry social dialogue

This study provides information to allow for an assessment of the representativeness of the national and supranational social partners at cross-industry level in the EU.

09 November 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Professional football sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the professional football sector.

26 October 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Eetiline digiüleminek töökohal: teooriast praktikasse

Automation and digitisation technologies, including artificial intelligence, are rapidly evolving and becoming increasingly powerful and pervasive. The full range of their effects in the workplace is yet to be seen. It is, however, important not only to explore the ethical implications of digital te

12 September 2023
Publication
Research report
Muutuste mõju ennetamine ja juhtimine
Digiajastu töö ja töövormide väljavaated ning probleemid
Working conditions
Sotsiaaldialoog
Agreements
Skills and training
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Kasvava inflatsiooni käsitlemine sektoripõhistes kollektiivpalgaläbirääkimistes

After a long period of price stability, inflation has made a remarkable comeback in the EU. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the energy crisis spurred by Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine and the disruption of the international supply chain, among other factors, have driven up the

06 September 2023
Publication
Research report
Töösuhted ja sotsiaaldialoog
Miinimumpalk
Collective bargaining
Agreements
Töötasu ja sissetulek
Töösuhted
Sotsiaaldialoog
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Involvement of social partners in the implementation of national recovery and resilience plans

In 2022, the European Semester process was updated to take into account the launch of the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) in February 2021. Over the past year, Member States have implemented national recovery and resilience plans (RRPs) in a context of huge geopolitical and economic upheaval

29 March 2023
Publication
Research report
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
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Trends in national social dialogue in responding to external shocks or crises: Background paper

This paper provides an overview of the involvement of the social partners in policymaking and social dialogue in recent years, primarily at national peak level. It will focus on the evolution of social dialogue over the past decade and a half in terms of its response to external shocks, focusing on

20 March 2023
Publication
Customised report
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
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Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Civil aviation sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the civil aviation sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

20 December 2022
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
Online resources results (435)

Denmark: Tripartite negotiations – staged approach seems to be working

When tripartite negotiations broke down almost as soon as they started in 2012, many labour market researchers and social partner representatives predicted the government would no longer invite the social partners to such negotiations. However, they have started again but only after the involved

15 veebruar 2017
Article
Skills and training
Migration and mobility
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Norway: Public procurement – new thresholds introduced despite joint protest from social partners

The government has doubled the value of public procurement contracts above which strict rules designed to discourage social dumping must be followed. The change brings Norway into line with European Economic Area Agreement rules. In a joint letter to the Minister of Trade and Industry, the employers

1 veebruar 2017
Article
Labour law
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Poland: Latest working life developments – Q4 2016

Protests against the proposed education reform, a new chairperson for the central tripartite body, the return of lower retirement ages and deregulation measures for businesses are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

1 veebruar 2017
Article
Retirement
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Croatia: Latest working life developments – Q4 2016

A new government, the revival of public sector collective bargaining, an increase in the basic salary for civil servants and public employees, and setting the minimum wage are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

30 jaanuar 2017
Article
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

France: Latest working life developments – Q4 2016

The enactment of laws on labour reform, protection for whistleblowers, negotiations on unemployment insurance and the restructuring of trade unions and employer organisations are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

25 jaanuar 2017
Article
Social dialogue
Industrial relations
Social protection
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Luxembourg: Latest working life developments – Q4 2016

New collective agreements, ongoing negotiations in three key sectors, discussions about workplace surveillance, plans to improve the education system and an increase in the minimum wage are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working

25 jaanuar 2017
Article
Collective bargaining
Skills and training
Working time
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Greece: Tripartite strategy for combating undeclared work

Greece’s informal economy is estimated to account for 25% of its gross domestic product. A three-year project to strengthen employment monitoring and inspection, improve tax collection, and educate employers and workers about the benefits of formal work is being led by the ILO, closely supported by

24 jaanuar 2017
Article
Social dialogue
Fraudulent work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Denmark: Latest working life developments – Q3 2016

A new tripartite agreement to increase the number of internships and meet future skills needs and the staged approach to tripartite discussions are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Denmark in the third quarter of

9 november 2016
Article
Skills and training
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Employment and labour markets
Industrial relations
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Slovenia: Latest working life developments – Q3 2016

Wage negotiations in the public sector, the suspension of dialogue between employer organisations and the government over tax amendments, and protests by assistant kindergarten teachers regarding pay are among the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest

24 oktoober 2016
Article
Pay and income
Social dialogue
Industrial action
Working conditions
Industrial relations
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

EU Level: Latest working life developments – Q3 2016

Issues related to work–life balance, the launch of the public consultation on social rules in road transport and some developments in social dialogue are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in the European Union in the

24 oktoober 2016
Article
Skills and training
Posted workers
Work-life balance
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Industrial relations
Labour and social regulation
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Blogs results (6)

Healthy social dialogue for a healthy healthcare sector

The COVID-19 pandemic made us acutely aware of how dependent our society is on certain essential workers. We felt deep gratitude towards workers in healthcare especially, because they worked ceaselessly in often-difficult conditions.

22 november 2023
Jorge Cabrita
Blog
Working conditions and sustainable work
Job quality
Health and well-being at work
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
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Minimum wages rise again, but the pandemic puts a brake on their growth

Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

8 juuni 2021
Carlos Vacas‑Soriano
Blog
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Working poor
Minimum wage
European Pillar of Social Rights
Labour market policies
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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New impetus to collective bargaining: Insights from the ECS

In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers (i

28 oktoober 2020
Christine Aumayr-Pintar
Blog
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations
Minimum wage
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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Industrial democracy still in vogue

The workings of industrial relations are constantly evolving. In this blog piece, Eurofound authors Christian Welz and Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras discuss a tool that Eurofound has developed to enable this process of change to be monitored and analysed, enabling stakeholders in Member States to asse

28 märts 2018
Christian Welz
Blog
Industrial relations
Job quality
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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Trust and dialogue are the secrets to business success in times of crisis

Europe has gone through significant economic change over the past decade. Businesses have had to manage the challenges posed by the financial crisis, globalisation and a rapidly changing labour market. Eurofound's new report Win-win arrangements: Innovative measures through social dialogue at compan

3 oktoober 2016
Stavroula Demetriades
Blog
Industrial relations
Innovation
Small and medium-sized enterprises
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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From Val Duchesse to Riga: how to relaunch social dialogue?

The new European Commission (EC) under President Jean-Claude Juncker is committed to re-launching social dialogue and a first step was taken with the organisation of a high-level conference in Brussels on 5 March. The aim of the conference was to discuss concrete ways to strengthen social dialogue w

20 aprill 2015
Christian Welz
Blog
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Upcoming publications results (7)

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Graphical sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

July 2025
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

National social dialogue addressing the twin transition

This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

March 2025
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Digitalisation
European Green Deal
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
Social dialogue
Social partners

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Extractive industries sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Construction sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Chemical sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Road transport sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Postal and courier activities sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

November 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

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