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Socialinis dialogas

Socialinį dialogą galima apibrėžti kaip darbdavių ir darbuotojų derybas, konsultacijas, bendrus veiksmus, diskusijas ir dalijimąsi informaciją. Sklandus socialinis dialogas yra svarbus būdas formuoti darbo sąlygas, į šį procesą įvairiais lygmenimis įtraukiant įvairius subjektus. Toks dialogas padeda derinti darbuotojų ir darbdavių interesus, taip pat užtikrinti tiek ekonominį konkurencingumą, tiek socialinę sanglaudą.

Sprendžiant iš pastarųjų ES lygmens politikos diskusijų (ypač po 2008 m. krizės), nauji svarstymai apie socialinį teisingumą, demokratiją, darbo kokybę ir naujus darbo santykių modelius paskatino abejones dėl tradicinių darbo santykių ir socialinio dialogo sistemų.

Praėjus trisdešimčiai metų po to, kai Val Duchesse pilyje Briuselyje buvo istoriškai pradėtas Europos socialinis dialogas, Komisija atnaujino procesą ir paskelbė apie socialinio dialogo atnaujinimą 2015 m. kovo 5 d. surengtame aukšto lygmens renginyje, kuriame dalyvavo visos Europos socialinių partnerių organizacijų atstovai. Europos socialinis dialogas yra ES socialinės politikos priemonė, tiesiogiai padedanti formuoti ES darbo teisės aktus ir politiką.

Topic

Recent updates

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From January to June 2022, Eurofound supported the work of France's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page
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From July to December 2023, Eurofound supported the work of Spain's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page

EU context

Eurofound veikla

Politikos formuotojams reikia patikimų duomenų norint suprasti darbo rinkoje vykstančius pokyčius ir reaguoti į kintančią darbo santykių Europoje dinamiką. Remdamasis savo 28 ES valstybėse narėse ir Norvegijoje veikiančių korespondentų tinklo duomenimis ir analize, Eurofound nagrinėja tendencijas bei modelius ir atkreipia dėmesį į sklandaus socialinio dialogo pavyzdžius Europos ir nacionaliniu lygmenimis.

Eurofound tyrimuose nagrinėjami tokie aspektai kaip darbuotojų dalyvavimas, kolektyvinės derybos, atstovavimas darbuotojams ir darbo santykiai visais lygmenimis. Juose analizuojama, kaip darbo santykiai yra pritaikomi atsižvelgiant į tarptautinių įmonių paplitimą. Be to, tyrimuose apžvelgiami procesai pasaulio mastu ir lyginamos darbo santykių sistemos bei jų taikymas už ES ribų, pvz., JAV ir Japonijos ekonomikoje.

Svarbiausias indėlis

Per 40 metų Eurofound visapusiškai ištyrė daugelį besikeičiančių socialinio dialogo Europoje veiksnių įmonių, nacionaliniu, Europos ir tarptautiniu lygmenimis.

Pastaraisiais metais Eurofound išsamiai nagrinėja įvairius svarbiausius socialinio dialogo aspektus, kaip antai: 

Eurofound reprezentatyvumo tyrimuose, kurie surengti įvairiuose sektoriuose, vadovaujantis 2006 m. Komisijos įpareigojimu, pateikiama svarbiausia informacija, kurios reikia norint steigti Europos sektorių socialinio dialogo komitetus ir užtikrinti jų veikimą.

Ištekliai

Europos darbo santykių žodynas parengtas 2005 m. kaip internetinė paieškos priemonė politikos formuotojams ir praktikams, yra vertingas informacijos apie užimtumą ir darbo santykius Europos Sąjungoje šaltinis. Šalių profesinio gyvenimo profiliuose pateikiama aktuali susijusi informacija apie struktūras, institucijas ir nuostatas, kuriomis grindžiamas profesinis gyvenimas 28 ES valstybėse narėse bei Norvegijoje ir ES lygmeniu.

Kolektyvinių derybų dėl darbo užmokesčio duomenų bazės ir darbo užmokesčio, darbo laiko ir kolektyvinių darbo ginčų duomenų bazės paskirtis – suteikti tyrėjams ir politikos formuotojams kiekybinės ir kokybinės šių sričių informacijos, apimančios laikotarpį nuo 2000 m. iki dabar, iš visų valstybių narių bei Norvegijos.

Key outputs

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Pastaraisiais metais, išskyrus pavienius protrūkius, ES valstybėse narėse kolektyvinių veiksmų apskritai sumažėjo. Per COVID-19 pandemiją ši tendencija išliko, o reikšmingiausi darbo ginčai, nenuostabu, kilo žmonių sveikatos priežiūros ir socialinių paslaugų...

7 Vasaris 2022
Publication
Research report
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This publication consists of individual country reports on working life during 2020 for 29 countries – the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. The country reports summarise...

23 Kovas 2021
Publication
Other
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Atsižvelgdamas į savo įgaliojimus, susijusius su vadovų ir darbuotojų socialinio dialogo skatinimu, EUROFOUND ilgiau nei 40 metų stebėjo ir analizavo darbo santykių sistemų tendencijas ES lygmeniu ir ES valstybėse narėse...

11 Gruodis 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

In the course of the programming period 2021–2024, Eurofound will continue regular monitoring of social dialogue, including through the EU PolicyWatch database.

Other topics addressed include:

  • Monitoring of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement 
  • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue 
  • Research on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
  • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations.

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
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Mária Sedláková is a research officer in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for drafting overview reports for sectoral representativeness studies, management...

Research officer,
Working life research unit
Publications results (251)

The aim of this report is to add to the discussion on how Eurofound can contribute to supporting capacity building of social partners for effective social dialogue. The report includes a review by Eurofound aimed at identifying the capacity-building needs and initiatives of social partners in

10 September 2020

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the sea fisheries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective

10 August 2020

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the paper sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

04 August 2020

This study examines the interaction between social dialogue practices and human resources management (HRM) policies in European multinational companies (MNCs). It looks at the changing role of HRM and its interaction with European Works Councils (EWCs), which can act as a link between different

16 June 2020

This report investigates the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in designing and implementing reforms and policies in the context of the European Semester 2018–2019 and in the elaboration of the National Reform Programmes. As previously reported by Eurofound, there is a positive

09 June 2020

European sectoral social dialogue plays an important role in promoting dialogue between the social partners in industrial sectors at European level. There are currently 43 European sectoral social dialogue committees that bring together the social partners from the EU Member States – representatives

06 December 2019

This study provides information to allow for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the industrial cleaning sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective

21 November 2019

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the ICT and telecommunications sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and

05 November 2019

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the private security sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective

05 November 2019

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the insurance sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

07 October 2019

Online resources results (435)

Spain: Milestone agreement in retail sector

An agreement between social partners in the Spanish retail sector will govern working and employment conditions for the next three years. About 260,000 employees are expected to benefit from this agreement, which is likely to set the standards for other sector agreements due to be negotiated during

France: Occupational personal accounts take effect

Occupational personal accounts, one of the flagship measures of France’s labour market reforms, took effect on 1 January 2017. The aim is to enable people to acquire entitlements to training without fear of losing them if they change employer.

EU level: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Issues related to the European Commission’s proposal on the European Pillar of Social Rights, as well as some developments in social dialogue at EU level, are the main topics of interest in this article. This update reports on the latest developments in working life at EU level in the first quarter

Slovenia: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The unions’ rejection of pension reform proposals, employers' demands for the withdrawal of a mini labour reform and the launch of the unions’ fair pay campaign are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Slovenia in the

Spain: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The inability of the national social partners to agree salary recommendations; digital disconnection after working hours; and the effects of the increase in the minimum wage on employment are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in

Bulgaria: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Rising wages following an increase in the minimum statutory wage, a victory for the centre-right party GERB in the March elections and predictions of a rise in employment in tourism are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working

Lithuania: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Controversial provisions in the Labour Code; four new members for Lithuania’s Tripartite Council; and initiatives by the main employer organisation, the Confederation of Lithuanian Industrialists, are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments

Finland: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The effects of the decision by the Confederation of Finnish Industries EK to terminate most peak-level agreements with trade unions and a setback for employment policy reforms are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

France: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Preparations for the presidential election and a revival of national social dialogue with the signing of a new collective agreement on the unemployment insurance scheme are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in France

Latvia: Social security implications of favourable tax rate for small businesses

The social partners reacted differently to the government's plans to increase the rate of the special tax for microenterprises, the unions concerned over the lower social protection afforded the workers and employers worried about losing competitiveness due to increased labour costs. In the end, the


Blogs results (6)

The COVID-19 pandemic made us acutely aware of how dependent our society is on certain essential workers. We felt deep gratitude towards workers in healthcare especially, because they worked ceaselessly in often-difficult conditions.

22 Lapkritis 2023
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Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

8 Birželis 2021
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In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers (i

28 Spalis 2020
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The workings of industrial relations are constantly evolving. In this blog piece, Eurofound authors Christian Welz and Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras discuss a tool that Eurofound has developed to enable this process of change to be monitored and analysed, enabling stakeholders in Member States to asse

28 Kovas 2018
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Europe has gone through significant economic change over the past decade. Businesses have had to manage the challenges posed by the financial crisis, globalisation and a rapidly changing labour market. Eurofound's new report Win-win arrangements: Innovative measures through social dialogue at compan

3 Spalis 2016
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The new European Commission (EC) under President Jean-Claude Juncker is committed to re-launching social dialogue and a first step was taken with the organisation of a high-level conference in Brussels on 5 March. The aim of the conference was to discuss concrete ways to strengthen social dialogue w

20 Balandis 2015
Upcoming publications results (7)

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

July 2025

This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

March 2025

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

November 2024

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