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Socialinis dialogas

Socialinį dialogą galima apibrėžti kaip darbdavių ir darbuotojų derybas, konsultacijas, bendrus veiksmus, diskusijas ir dalijimąsi informaciją. Sklandus socialinis dialogas yra svarbus būdas formuoti darbo sąlygas, į šį procesą įvairiais lygmenimis įtraukiant įvairius subjektus. Toks dialogas padeda derinti darbuotojų ir darbdavių interesus, taip pat užtikrinti tiek ekonominį konkurencingumą, tiek socialinę sanglaudą.

Sprendžiant iš pastarųjų ES lygmens politikos diskusijų (ypač po 2008 m. krizės), nauji svarstymai apie socialinį teisingumą, demokratiją, darbo kokybę ir naujus darbo santykių modelius paskatino abejones dėl tradicinių darbo santykių ir socialinio dialogo sistemų.

Praėjus trisdešimčiai metų po to, kai Val Duchesse pilyje Briuselyje buvo istoriškai pradėtas Europos socialinis dialogas, Komisija atnaujino procesą ir paskelbė apie socialinio dialogo atnaujinimą 2015 m. kovo 5 d. surengtame aukšto lygmens renginyje, kuriame dalyvavo visos Europos socialinių partnerių organizacijų atstovai. Europos socialinis dialogas yra ES socialinės politikos priemonė, tiesiogiai padedanti formuoti ES darbo teisės aktus ir politiką.

Topic

Recent updates

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From January to June 2022, Eurofound supported the work of France's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page
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From July to December 2023, Eurofound supported the work of Spain's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page

EU context

Eurofound veikla

Politikos formuotojams reikia patikimų duomenų norint suprasti darbo rinkoje vykstančius pokyčius ir reaguoti į kintančią darbo santykių Europoje dinamiką. Remdamasis savo 28 ES valstybėse narėse ir Norvegijoje veikiančių korespondentų tinklo duomenimis ir analize, Eurofound nagrinėja tendencijas bei modelius ir atkreipia dėmesį į sklandaus socialinio dialogo pavyzdžius Europos ir nacionaliniu lygmenimis.

Eurofound tyrimuose nagrinėjami tokie aspektai kaip darbuotojų dalyvavimas, kolektyvinės derybos, atstovavimas darbuotojams ir darbo santykiai visais lygmenimis. Juose analizuojama, kaip darbo santykiai yra pritaikomi atsižvelgiant į tarptautinių įmonių paplitimą. Be to, tyrimuose apžvelgiami procesai pasaulio mastu ir lyginamos darbo santykių sistemos bei jų taikymas už ES ribų, pvz., JAV ir Japonijos ekonomikoje.

Svarbiausias indėlis

Per 40 metų Eurofound visapusiškai ištyrė daugelį besikeičiančių socialinio dialogo Europoje veiksnių įmonių, nacionaliniu, Europos ir tarptautiniu lygmenimis.

Pastaraisiais metais Eurofound išsamiai nagrinėja įvairius svarbiausius socialinio dialogo aspektus, kaip antai: 

Eurofound reprezentatyvumo tyrimuose, kurie surengti įvairiuose sektoriuose, vadovaujantis 2006 m. Komisijos įpareigojimu, pateikiama svarbiausia informacija, kurios reikia norint steigti Europos sektorių socialinio dialogo komitetus ir užtikrinti jų veikimą.

Ištekliai

Europos darbo santykių žodynas parengtas 2005 m. kaip internetinė paieškos priemonė politikos formuotojams ir praktikams, yra vertingas informacijos apie užimtumą ir darbo santykius Europos Sąjungoje šaltinis. Šalių profesinio gyvenimo profiliuose pateikiama aktuali susijusi informacija apie struktūras, institucijas ir nuostatas, kuriomis grindžiamas profesinis gyvenimas 28 ES valstybėse narėse bei Norvegijoje ir ES lygmeniu.

Kolektyvinių derybų dėl darbo užmokesčio duomenų bazės ir darbo užmokesčio, darbo laiko ir kolektyvinių darbo ginčų duomenų bazės paskirtis – suteikti tyrėjams ir politikos formuotojams kiekybinės ir kokybinės šių sričių informacijos, apimančios laikotarpį nuo 2000 m. iki dabar, iš visų valstybių narių bei Norvegijos.

Key outputs

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Pastaraisiais metais, išskyrus pavienius protrūkius, ES valstybėse narėse kolektyvinių veiksmų apskritai sumažėjo. Per COVID-19 pandemiją ši tendencija išliko, o reikšmingiausi darbo ginčai, nenuostabu, kilo žmonių sveikatos priežiūros ir socialinių paslaugų...

7 Vasaris 2022
Publication
Research report
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This publication consists of individual country reports on working life during 2020 for 29 countries – the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. The country reports summarise...

23 Kovas 2021
Publication
Other
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Atsižvelgdamas į savo įgaliojimus, susijusius su vadovų ir darbuotojų socialinio dialogo skatinimu, EUROFOUND ilgiau nei 40 metų stebėjo ir analizavo darbo santykių sistemų tendencijas ES lygmeniu ir ES valstybėse narėse...

11 Gruodis 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

In the course of the programming period 2021–2024, Eurofound will continue regular monitoring of social dialogue, including through the EU PolicyWatch database.

Other topics addressed include:

  • Monitoring of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement 
  • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue 
  • Research on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
  • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations.

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
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Mária Sedláková is a research officer in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for drafting overview reports for sectoral representativeness studies, management...

Research officer,
Working life research unit
Publications results (251)

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the banking sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

07 October 2019

This report investigates the involvement of the national social partners in the design and implementation of reforms and policies in the context of the European Semester and countryspecific recommendations 2017–2018. In line with previous reports on the same theme, it also analyses the quality of

23 May 2019

Previous Eurofound research has identified four key dimensions of industrial relations: industrial democracy, industrial competitiveness, social justice, and quality of work and employment. This report seeks to build a set of indicators to measure country performance in industrial relations in terms

21 December 2018

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the contract catering sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective

13 December 2018

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the hotels, restaurants and café (HORECA) sector.

13 December 2018

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the commerce sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

30 November 2018

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the inland water transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective

29 November 2018

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the steel sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

15 November 2018

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the metal sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

15 November 2018

Annual review of working life 2017 is part of a series of annual reviews published by Eurofound and provides an overview of the latest developments in industrial relations and working conditions across the EU and Norway. The annual review collates information based on reports from Eurofound’s

22 October 2018

Online resources results (435)

Slovenia: Employers withdraw from social agreement for 2015–2016

Slovenian employer organisations withdrew from the 2015–2016 social agreement at the end of November 2015, after Parliament approved amendments to the law on the minimum wage. Employers said the government had acted unacceptably and arbitrarily in making the changes. Trade unions, however, argue

France: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Government plans to combat high levels of unemployment, controversial revisions to the Labour Code, negotiations about unemployment insurance schemes and the impact of digitalisation on working life are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest

Luxembourg: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Tax reforms welcomed by social partners, failed negotiations over working time legislation, a slight decrease in unemployment levels, and reforms to parental leave allowance are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

Latvia: Developments in working life - Q1 2016

Changes in labour and tax legislation, preparations for Latvia’s accession to the OECD and, connected with this, increased political focus on corruption and the shadow economy are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

Italy: New Stability Law extends range of tax-exempt benefits

Italy’s 2016 Stability Law supports the uptake of private welfare measures by extending the types of tax-exempt benefits offered by employers to include those agreed through collective bargaining.

Denmark: Tripartite agreement on integration of refugees

On 17 April 2016, the Danish government concluded tripartite negotiations with social partner confederations with an agreement on the integration of refugees. Those with no or few competencies are to be offered internships on apprentice wage level, combined with Danish lessons and the possibility

Finland: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Talks on the Competitiveness Pact, threats to the formation of a new peak-level organisation, and an agreement on a wage freeze are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Finland in the first quarter of 2016.

Croatia: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

​The election of Croatia’s new Prime Minister and government, and serious challenges to public finance over public-sector wages are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Croatia in the first quarter of 2016.

Italy: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Consultation on the renewal of industrial relations regulations, a proposal for a Charter of Universal Labour Rights, new rules on self-employment and 'smart working', and negotiations for the renewal of the collective bargaining agreement in the metalworking sector are the main topics of interest

France: Agreement signed to protect compulsory supplementary pension schemes

In France, two compulsory supplementary pension schemes managed by the social partners are facing financial difficulties. The social partners have signed an agreement to protect the schemes. The agreement introduces a bonus–penalty system to encourage employees to retire later.


Blogs results (6)

The COVID-19 pandemic made us acutely aware of how dependent our society is on certain essential workers. We felt deep gratitude towards workers in healthcare especially, because they worked ceaselessly in often-difficult conditions.

22 Lapkritis 2023
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Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

8 Birželis 2021
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In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers (i

28 Spalis 2020
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The workings of industrial relations are constantly evolving. In this blog piece, Eurofound authors Christian Welz and Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras discuss a tool that Eurofound has developed to enable this process of change to be monitored and analysed, enabling stakeholders in Member States to asse

28 Kovas 2018
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Europe has gone through significant economic change over the past decade. Businesses have had to manage the challenges posed by the financial crisis, globalisation and a rapidly changing labour market. Eurofound's new report Win-win arrangements: Innovative measures through social dialogue at compan

3 Spalis 2016
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The new European Commission (EC) under President Jean-Claude Juncker is committed to re-launching social dialogue and a first step was taken with the organisation of a high-level conference in Brussels on 5 March. The aim of the conference was to discuss concrete ways to strengthen social dialogue w

20 Balandis 2015
Upcoming publications results (7)

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

July 2025

This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

March 2025

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

November 2024

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