Pārlekt uz galveno saturu
topic_industrialrelations.jpg

Sociālo partneru attiecības

Darba tiesisko attiecību pārvaldībā svarīga nozīme ir gan arodbiedrībām un darba devēju organizācijām, gan publiskajām iestādēm. Tās ir savstarpēji saistītas vienas sistēmas daļas, kura darbojas Eiropas, valstu, nozaru, reģionālā un uzņēmumu līmenī. Pēdējos gados, tehnoloģijām un darba veidiem attīstoties pastāvīgi mainīgos ekonomikas apstākļos, sociālo partneru attiecību sistēmas ir saskārušās ar būtiskām problēmām.

Šajā kontekstā Eiropas Komisija 2015. gadā nāca klajā ar jaunu sākumu Eiropas sociālajam dialogam. Komisija, Eiropas Savienības Padome un sociālie partneri 2016. gada jūnijā parakstīja kopīgu paziņojumu, kurā uzsvērts, ka sociālajam dialogam kā svarīgai sastāvdaļai ir liela nozīme ES nodarbinātības un sociālās politikas veidošanā.

Topic

Recent updates

ef24017-card-cover.png

This 2024 annual review of minimum wages provides a synopsis of minimum wage setting during 2023 in the EU27 and Norway. It reports in detail on the processes and outcomes...

26 Jūnijs 2024
Publication
Research report

EU context

Eurofound darbs

Eurofound 40 gados ir kļuvis par svarīgu kompetences centru, kas nodrošina sociālo partneru attiecību tendenču uzraudzību un analīzi. Tas ietver saiknes starp Eiropas un valstu līmeņa sociālo dialogu. Pamatojoties uz sava Eiropas korespondentu tīkla dalībnieku 28 ES dalībvalstīs un Norvēģijā zināšanām, Eurofound ir apkopojis norises visās dalībvalstīs un ES kopumā. 

Svarīgākais ieguldījums

Eurofound ir sagatavojis daudzas salīdzinošas analīzes, rakstus un gadījumu izpētes ES 28 valstīs un Norvēģijā sociālo partneru attiecību jomā un regulāri atjauninājis datubāzes par saistītiem tematiem.

Nesen veiktā pētījumā ir kartētas un apspriestas galvenās dimensijas un rādītāji, kas attiecas uz sociālo partneru attiecību sistēmām Eiropā 21. gadsimtā. Citā pētniecības virzienā ir aplūkots, kā sociālie partneri ES un Norvēģijā ir pētījuši jaunus tematus, rīkus un inovatīvas pieejas, lai reaģētu uz daudzajiem jaunajiem politiskajiem, juridiskajiem un sociālajiem izaicinājumiem, kas radušies pēdējos gados.

Darba samaksa un darba laiks joprojām ir jomas, kas izraisa lielu interesi un katru gadu tiek pārskatītas. Nesen atjauninātajā pētījumā par darba samaksu viena sadaļa ir veltīta ar likumu noteiktās minimālās darba algas līmenim ES, bet citā sadaļā galvenā uzmanība ir pievērsta darba samaksas noteikšanas sarunām.

Kopš 2006. gada Eurofound Eiropas Komisijas uzdevumā veic pētījumus par Eiropas nozaru sociālo partneru organizāciju reprezentativitāti.

Resursi

Ziņojumi par norisēm darba dzīvē

Eurofound nodrošina sistemātiskus un salīdzināmus datus par valstu sociālo partneru attiecību sistēmām un norisēm darba dzīvē, izmantojot uzraudzības un ziņošanas rīkus un sava Eiropas korespondentu tīkla 28 dalībvalstīs un Norvēģijā ieguldījumu.

 

Key outputs

ef23007-card-cover.png

This report examines the average weekly working hours across Europe in 2021 and 2022. It covers important developments resulting from legislative reforms in collective bargaining at national or sectoral level...

24 Oktobris 2023
Publication
Research report
ef23019_card_cover.png

2023. gada pārskats par minimālajām algām tika sagatavots bezprecedenta inflācijas kontekstā visā Eiropā. Lai gan tas daudzās valstīs izraisīja ievērojamu nominālo algu līmeņu pieaugumu, daudzos gadījumos ar to nepietika, lai...

29 Jūnijs 2023
Publication
Research report
ef20023_card_cover.png

Pildot savu pienākumu veicināt dialogu starp darba devējiem un darba ņēmējiem, Eurofound ir uzraudzījis un analizējis norises sociālo partneru attiecību sistēmās ES līmenī un ES dalībvalstīs vairāk nekā 40 gadu...

11 Decembris 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

Other ongoing work

    • Social dialogue in companies, particularly linkages that can be drawn between national and EU level, to better understand of cooperation mechanisms used in decision-making and implementation in multinational companies
    • Exploration of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement
    • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue
    • A flagship report on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
    • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations
    • Highlights of recent developments of selected features of working life in so called topical updates, with one featuring statutory minimum wages
    • Updated time series in EurWORK database of wages, working time and collective disputes
    • Updated time series and update on developments in collectively agreed pay
    • Exploring the feasibility for an Industrial Action Monitor

    Eurofound expert(s)

    ricardo-rodriguez-contreras-2023.png

    Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

    Research manager,
    Working life research unit
    maria-sedlakova-2023.png

    Mária Sedláková is a research officer in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for drafting overview reports for sectoral representativeness studies, management...

    Research officer,
    Working life research unit
    victoria-cojocariu-2023.png

    Victoria Cojocariu is a research support officer for the representativeness studies in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for the management of the research...

    Research support officer,
    Working life research unit
    Publications results (517)

    Collective bargaining systems in the EU have undergone a steady change since the end of the 1990s. But as businesses across Europe struggle to respond to intensifying global competition, pressure from employers for greater flexibility in collective bargaining is increasing, especially since the 2008

    04 November 2015

    Developments in Working Life in Europe is part of a series of annual reviews published by Eurofound and provides an overview of the latest developments in industrial relations and working conditions across the European Union and Norway

    04 November 2015

    Since the beginning of 2015 a number of major collective agreements at national, sectoral and cross-sectoral level have been renewed, renegotiated, or under discussion. Several of the examples presented here are from the countries that have been hit hardest during the crisis and/or in which

    28 October 2015

    This article presents some of the key developments and research findings on aspects of public sector pay and collective bargaining in the EU during the third quarter of 2015. Its main focus is a growing trend of restored pay levels in public sector agreements. It also deals with the broadening scope

    27 October 2015

    Social dialogue is a key part of the European social model, with European social dialogue having been launched at the historic Val Duchesse meeting 30 years ago. However, since then, established approaches to social dialogue in Europe have been challenged by industrial and social change.

    29 September 2015

    This study provides information designed to aid the functioning of sectoral social dialogue in the construction sector. The study is divided into three parts: a summary of the sector’s economic background; an analysis of the social partner organisations in all EU Member States (apart from Croatia)

    23 September 2015

    National wage-bargaining institutions are crucial in achieving pay outcomes that help to increase employment and economic growth within the context of avoiding macroeconomic imbalances within the European Monetary Union. Using a large set of empirical macroeconomic data from a variety of sources

    11 September 2015

    Collective bargaining has been crucial in developing recent initiatives on flexible working time in many countries, both at sectoral and at company level. Such agreements, together with some legislation, also cover working with ICT outside an employer’s premises (such as telework). This topical

    10 August 2015

    This report describes the developments in collectively agreed pay in the EU Member States in 2014 and compares them to developments in previous years. While growth in collectively agreed pay in nominal terms declined, the declining growth of prices resulted in real collectively agreed pay increasing

    05 August 2015

    The average collectively agreed weekly working time in the European Union of 38.1 hours did not change between 2013 and 2014. In both years, the working week also remained, on average, 30 minutes shorter than the EU28 average in the EU15 Member States, and more than 90 minutes longer in the more

    16 July 2015

    Online resources results (1688)

    EU level: Latest developments in working life Q2 2020

    Activities of the European Commission and social partners regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, the high-level hearing on implementing the European Pillar of Social Rights and a fair EU minimum wage initiative are the main topics of interest in this article. This EU update reports on the latest

    EU level: Latest developments in working life in light of the COVID-19 pandemic - Q1 2020

    In early March 2020, working life in EU Member States came under enormous pressure due to the rapid spread of the COVID-19 disease and the precautionary measures taken by governments in subsequent weeks. This article gives a brief overview of the first reactions of European institutions and some of

    image_article_minimum_wage_17022020.png

    EU seeks views on the minimum wage

    Against a background of growing polarisation, it is worth remembering the model of social dialogue that allows us each year to debate and reach thousands of agreements that start from different and distant positions and interests.

    image_article_ef19062_-_to_have_or_have_not_22072019.png

    To have or have not: A statutory minimum wage

    ​​​​​​​Cyprus and Italy are currently considering the introduction of a universal minimum wage floor by law. With this move, they would be joining 22 other EU Member States that already have one in place. In the remaining Member States – Austria, Denmark, Finland and Sweden – and in Norway, too, min

    image_article_cloxit_12122018.jpg

    Summer time arrangements in the EU: A tripartite outlook on ‘Cloxit’

    On 31 March 2019, clocks across the EU will go forward one hour, a Union-wide event since 2002. However, the European Commission has proposed abolishing the bi-annual hour change, an idea favoured by the vast majority of respondents in a public consultation. This article discusses reactions by

    Sweden: latest working life developments Q2 2018

    A historic agreement on industrial action regulations and a narrowing gender pay gap are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Sweden in the second quarter of 2018.

    Italy: Increasing fragmentation in collective bargaining at sectoral level

    The increasing fragmentation of sectoral agreements in Italy is highlighted in a report, released in November 2017, by the tripartite National Economic and Labour Council. It adds that decentralised bargaining increasingly deals with performance-related pay and welfare benefits. Although this

    Czech Republic: Attitudes to shorter working hours and flexible working

    There is a growing debate in the Czech Republic over moves to shorten working hours and introduce flexible forms of work to improve people’s work–life balance. This has been sparked by research showing that even though employees, especially men, tend to work long hours, labour productivity and


    Blogs results (18)
    ef22069.png

    Minimum wages have risen significantly in 2022, as the EU Member States leave behind the cautious mood of the pandemic. However, rising inflation is eating up these wage increases, and only flexibility in the regular minimum wage setting processes may avoid generalised losses in purchasing power amo

    15 Jūnijs 2022
    image_blog_collective_bargaining_28102020.png

    In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers (i

    28 Oktobris 2020
    image_blog_minimum_wages_10032020.png

    The coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is having drastic consequences for the world of work. In most European countries workers who are not delivering essential ‘frontline’ services are being asked to stay home. Unfortunately many are out of work, while many of those who are not are minimum-wage and low

    1 Aprīlis 2020
    main_image_blog_ef20039.png

    As one of their ‘100 days in office’ initiatives, the new European Commission intends to propose an initiative for an EU minimum wage. The aim is that by 2024 every worker in the EU should earn a fair and adequate wage, no matter where they live.

    15 Janvāris 2020
    image_blog_unions_20112019.png

    Trade unions in many EU Member States face the issue of declining membership. This is a fundamental challenge for organised labour, but it is premature to speak about the redundancy unions: when it comes to important decisions affecting the workplace, restructuring being one, trade unions remain a p

    20 Novembris 2019
    image_blog_100_years_12112019.png

    The International Labour Organization (ILO) met for the first time 100 years ago, and right at the top of the agenda for discussion for this new specialised UN agency was the 8-hour working day. This discussion subsequently resulted in the Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, which stated that ‘The

    12 Novembris 2019
    image_blog_joint_cross_border_inspections_17072019.png

    The European Platform Tackling Undeclared Work last year documented the case of a Dutch temporary work agency that hired workers of various nationalities to work for a construction company in Belgium. The wages were suspiciously low, and the Belgian Labour Inspectorate believed that EU law guarantee

    17 Jūlijs 2019
    ef19051.png

    The votes have been cast, tallied and declared and we can now see the political landscape of the new European Parliament. It is a complex picture: there has been growth of far-right and populist parties, but well short of what was projected, and at the same time there has been a boost for pro

    30 Maijs 2019
    seniority-based-entitlements-blog.jpg

    Seniority entitlements have largely been on the decline since the 1990s, and have been gradually phased-out from legislation in Europe, as well as in collective agreements. However, it would be premature to dismiss seniority-based entitlements as a thing of the past, as they remain in force across E

    17 Aprīlis 2019
    image1_what_about_men_blog_27042018.jpg

    In this blog piece, originally published in Social Europe, Karel Fric and Camilla Galli da Bino look at the issue of discrimination against men in the workplace in Europe, and the current lack of research in this area.

    1 Maijs 2018

    Upcoming publications results (8)

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

    July 2025

    This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

    March 2025

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

    November 2024

    This publication comprises individual country reports on developments in working life in each of the 27 EU Member States and Norway in 2023, based on national research and survey results. The topics covered include the political context in 2023; updates on the social partners and social dialogue ins

    July 2024

    Disclaimer

    When freely submitting your request, you are consenting Eurofound in handling your personal data to reply to you. Your request will be handled in accordance with the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2018/1725 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2018 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies and on the free movement of such data. More information, please read the Data Protection Notice.