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Sociální dialog

Sociální dialog lze definovat jako vyjednávání, konzultace, společné akce, diskuse a sdílení informací mezi zaměstnavateli a zaměstnanci. Dobře fungující sociální dialog je klíčovým nástrojem pro formování pracovních podmínek, do něhož je zapojena řada různých aktérů na různých úrovních. Nachází rovnováhu mezi zájmy zaměstnanců a zaměstnavatelů a přispívá k hospodářské konkurenceschopnosti i sociální soudržnosti.

Politické diskuze na úrovni EU zdůrazňují, že především od krize v roce 2008 se objevily nové diskuze o sociální spravedlnosti, demokracii, kvalitě práce a nových modelech vztahů mezi sociálními partnery, což staví tradiční pracovněprávní vztahy a systémy sociálního dialogu před nové výzvy.

Třicet let po historickém zahájení evropského sociálního dialogu ve Val Duchesse v Bruselu Komise dala tomuto procesu nový impulz vyhlášením nového začátku pro sociální dialog na akci na vysoké úrovni konané 5. března 2015, na níž se sešly organizace sociálních partnerů z celé Evropy. Evropský sociální dialog je nástrojem sociální politiky EU, který se přímo podílí na formování pracovněprávních předpisů a politik EU.

Topic

Recent updates

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French presidency 2022: Eurofound's contribution

From January to June 2022, Eurofound supported the work of France's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page
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Spanish presidency 2023: Eurofound's contribution

From July to December 2023, Eurofound supported the work of Spain's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page

EU context

Činnost nadace Eurofound

Tvůrci politik potřebují solidní fakta, aby pochopili změny, které na trhu práce probíhají, a mohli reagovat na měnící se dynamiku pracovněprávních vztahů v Evropě. Eurofound používá údaje a analýzy své sítě korespondentů ve 28 členských státech EU a Norsku k mapování trendů a vzorců a ke zdůraznění příkladů řádně fungujícího sociálního dialogu na evropské i vnitrostátní úrovni.

Výzkum nadace Eurofound je zaměřen na aspekty, jako je účast zaměstnanců, kolektivní vyjednávání, zastoupení zaměstnanců a pracovněprávní vztahy na všech úrovních. Zkoumá, do jaké míry se pracovněprávní vztahy přizpůsobily vzniku nadnárodních organizací. Na danou problematiku nahlíží také z globálního hlediska, přičemž srovnává systémy pracovněprávních vztahů a výsledky ekonomik mimo EU, například v USA a Japonsku.

Hlavní příspěvky

Eurofound má za sebou za více než 40 let rozsáhlé činnosti v oblasti sledování měnících se stránek sociálního dialogu v Evropě na různých úrovních: podnikové, vnitrostátní, evropské a mezinárodní.

V posledních letech nadace Eurofound provedla hloubkové analýzy různých ústředních aspektů sociálního dialogu, např.: 

Studie v oblasti reprezentativnosti, které nadace Eurofound provedla v různých odvětvích na základě pověření Komise z roku 2006, poskytují základní informace potřebné pro zřízení a fungování výborů pro evropský odvětvový sociální dialog.

Zdroje

Evropský slovník vztahů mezi sociálními partnery byl vytvořen v roce 2005 jako on-line referenční nástroj pro tvůrce politik a pracovníky z praxe, který je cenným zdrojem informací o zaměstnanosti a pracovněprávních vztazích v EU. Profily zemí z hlediska pracovního života poskytují relevantní kontextové informace o strukturách, institucích a právních předpisech upravujících pracovní život ve 28 členských státech EU a na úrovni EU.

Účelem databází informací o kolektivním vyjednávání o mzdách a o mzdách, pracovní době a kolektivních sporech je poskytnout výzkumným pracovníkům a tvůrcům politik kvantitativní a kvalitativní údaje o těchto tématech ve všech členských státech a Norsku od roku 2000 do současnosti.

Key outputs

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Kolektivní pracovní spory v EU

V posledních letech došlo k obecnému poklesu protestních akcí ve všech členských státech EU, a to kromě několika přerušovaných výkyvů. Během pandemie COVID-19 tento trend pokračoval, přičemž k nejvýznamnějším pracovním...

7 Únor 2022
Publication
Research report
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Working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020

This publication consists of individual country reports on working life during 2020 for 29 countries – the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. The country reports summarise...

23 Březen 2021
Publication
Other
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Vztahy mezi sociálními partnery: vývoj v letech 2015-2019

V rámci svého poslání podporovat dialog mezi sociálními partnery nadace Eurofound sleduje a analyzuje vývoj systémů vztahů mezi sociálními partnery na úrovni EU a v členských státech EU již více...

11 Prosinec 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

In the course of the programming period 2021–2024, Eurofound will continue regular monitoring of social dialogue, including through the EU PolicyWatch database.

Other topics addressed include:

  • Monitoring of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement 
  • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue 
  • Research on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
  • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations.

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras

Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
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Mária Sedláková

Mária Sedláková is a research officer in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for drafting overview reports for sectoral representativeness studies, management...

Research officer,
Working life research unit
Publications results (251)

Establishment characteristics and work practices: Business, administration and other services sector

This paper is one in a series of sector profiles giving an overview of structural characteristics, work organisation practices, human resource management, employee participation and social dialogue in the business, administration and other services sector. It is based on the third European Company

22 December 2016
Publication
Information sheet
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Participation at work
Working time
Work organisation
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Establishment characteristics and work practices: Industry sector

This paper is one in a series of sector profiles giving an overview of structural characteristics, work organisation practices, human resource management, employee participation and social dialogue in the industry sector. It is based on the third European Company Survey (ECS). The sector includes

22 December 2016
Publication
Information sheet
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Participation at work
Working time
Work organisation
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Establishment characteristics and work practices: Financial services sector

This paper is one in a series of sector profiles giving an overview of structural characteristics, work organisation practices, human resource management, employee participation and social dialogue in the financial services sector. It is based on the third European Company Survey (ECS). The sector

22 December 2016
Publication
Information sheet
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Participation at work
Working time
Work organisation
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Establishment characteristics and work practices: Transport sector

This paper is one in a series of sector profiles giving an overview of structural characteristics, work organisation practices, human resource management, employee participation and social dialogue in the transport sector. It is based on the third European Company Survey (ECS). The sector includes

22 December 2016
Publication
Information sheet
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Participation at work
Working time
Work organisation
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Establishment characteristics and work practices: Commerce and hospitality sector

This paper is one in a series of sector profiles giving an overview of structural characteristics, work organisation practices, human resource management, employee participation and social dialogue in the commerce and hospitality sector. It is based on the third European Company Survey (ECS). The

22 December 2016
Publication
Information sheet
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Participation at work
Working time
Work organisation
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Establishment characteristics and work practices: Construction sector

This paper is one in a series of sector profiles giving an overview of structural characteristics, work organisation practices, human resource management, employee participation and social dialogue in the construction sector. It is based on the third European Company Survey (ECS). The sector

22 December 2016
Publication
Information sheet
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Participation at work
Working time
Work organisation
Industrial relations and social dialogue

The concept of representativeness at national, international and European level

The representativeness of social partners provides legitimacy for their various roles in industrial relations, whether through the vehicle of social dialogue, collective bargaining or involvement in government policymaking or implementation. This report compares the different ways in which the

19 December 2016
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Personal services–hair and beauty sector

The aim of this representativeness study is to identify the relevant national and supranational social players (that is, the trade unions and employer organisations) in the field of industrial relations in the personal services–hair and beauty sector, and to show how these players relate to the

16 December 2016
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social partners
Social dialogue
Industrial relations
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Exploring the fraudulent contracting of work in the European Union

The fraudulent contracting of work is an important issue in many European countries today. EU and national policymakers have turned their attention to violations of the basic protection provided by employment law and collective bargaining that are linked to the fraudulent use of certain employment

21 November 2016
Publication
Research report
Undeclared work
Skills and training
Social partners
Social dialogue
Non-standard employment
Posted workers
Fraudulent work
Employment status
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations
Inequality
Labour and social regulation
Labour law
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Extractive industries sector

This study provides information designed to encourage sectoral social dialogue in the extractive industries sector. The aim of Eurofound’s series of representativeness studies is to identify the relevant national and supranational social partner organisations in the field of industrial relations in

28 October 2016
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social partners
Social dialogue
Industrial relations
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Online resources results (435)

Denmark: Tripartite negotiations – staged approach seems to be working

When tripartite negotiations broke down almost as soon as they started in 2012, many labour market researchers and social partner representatives predicted the government would no longer invite the social partners to such negotiations. However, they have started again but only after the involved

15 Únor 2017
Article
Skills and training
Migration and mobility
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Norway: Public procurement – new thresholds introduced despite joint protest from social partners

The government has doubled the value of public procurement contracts above which strict rules designed to discourage social dumping must be followed. The change brings Norway into line with European Economic Area Agreement rules. In a joint letter to the Minister of Trade and Industry, the employers

1 Únor 2017
Article
Labour law
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Poland: Latest working life developments – Q4 2016

Protests against the proposed education reform, a new chairperson for the central tripartite body, the return of lower retirement ages and deregulation measures for businesses are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

1 Únor 2017
Article
Retirement
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Croatia: Latest working life developments – Q4 2016

A new government, the revival of public sector collective bargaining, an increase in the basic salary for civil servants and public employees, and setting the minimum wage are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

30 Leden 2017
Article
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

France: Latest working life developments – Q4 2016

The enactment of laws on labour reform, protection for whistleblowers, negotiations on unemployment insurance and the restructuring of trade unions and employer organisations are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

25 Leden 2017
Article
Social dialogue
Industrial relations
Social protection
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Luxembourg: Latest working life developments – Q4 2016

New collective agreements, ongoing negotiations in three key sectors, discussions about workplace surveillance, plans to improve the education system and an increase in the minimum wage are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working

25 Leden 2017
Article
Collective bargaining
Skills and training
Working time
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Greece: Tripartite strategy for combating undeclared work

Greece’s informal economy is estimated to account for 25% of its gross domestic product. A three-year project to strengthen employment monitoring and inspection, improve tax collection, and educate employers and workers about the benefits of formal work is being led by the ILO, closely supported by

24 Leden 2017
Article
Social dialogue
Fraudulent work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Denmark: Latest working life developments – Q3 2016

A new tripartite agreement to increase the number of internships and meet future skills needs and the staged approach to tripartite discussions are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Denmark in the third quarter of

9 Listopad 2016
Article
Skills and training
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Employment and labour markets
Industrial relations
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Slovenia: Latest working life developments – Q3 2016

Wage negotiations in the public sector, the suspension of dialogue between employer organisations and the government over tax amendments, and protests by assistant kindergarten teachers regarding pay are among the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest

24 Říjen 2016
Article
Pay and income
Social dialogue
Industrial action
Working conditions
Industrial relations
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

EU Level: Latest working life developments – Q3 2016

Issues related to work–life balance, the launch of the public consultation on social rules in road transport and some developments in social dialogue are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in the European Union in the

24 Říjen 2016
Article
Skills and training
Posted workers
Work-life balance
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Industrial relations
Labour and social regulation
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Blogs results (6)

Healthy social dialogue for a healthy healthcare sector

The COVID-19 pandemic made us acutely aware of how dependent our society is on certain essential workers. We felt deep gratitude towards workers in healthcare especially, because they worked ceaselessly in often-difficult conditions.

22 Listopad 2023
Jorge Cabrita
Blog
Working conditions and sustainable work
Job quality
Health and well-being at work
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
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Minimum wages rise again, but the pandemic puts a brake on their growth

Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

8 Červen 2021
Carlos Vacas‑Soriano
Blog
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Working poor
Minimum wage
European Pillar of Social Rights
Labour market policies
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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New impetus to collective bargaining: Insights from the ECS

In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers (i

28 Říjen 2020
Christine Aumayr-Pintar
Blog
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations
Minimum wage
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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Industrial democracy still in vogue

The workings of industrial relations are constantly evolving. In this blog piece, Eurofound authors Christian Welz and Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras discuss a tool that Eurofound has developed to enable this process of change to be monitored and analysed, enabling stakeholders in Member States to asse

28 Březen 2018
Christian Welz
Blog
Industrial relations
Job quality
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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Trust and dialogue are the secrets to business success in times of crisis

Europe has gone through significant economic change over the past decade. Businesses have had to manage the challenges posed by the financial crisis, globalisation and a rapidly changing labour market. Eurofound's new report Win-win arrangements: Innovative measures through social dialogue at compan

3 Říjen 2016
Stavroula Demetriades
Blog
Industrial relations
Innovation
Small and medium-sized enterprises
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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From Val Duchesse to Riga: how to relaunch social dialogue?

The new European Commission (EC) under President Jean-Claude Juncker is committed to re-launching social dialogue and a first step was taken with the organisation of a high-level conference in Brussels on 5 March. The aim of the conference was to discuss concrete ways to strengthen social dialogue w

20 Duben 2015
Christian Welz
Blog
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Upcoming publications results (7)

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Graphical sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

July 2025
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

National social dialogue addressing the twin transition

This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

March 2025
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Digitalisation
European Green Deal
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
Social dialogue
Social partners

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Extractive industries sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Construction sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Chemical sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Road transport sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Postal and courier activities sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

November 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

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