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European Pillar of Social Rights

The EU institutions jointly proclaimed the European Pillar of Social Rights in November 2017, followed by an action plan for its implementation in March 2021. The initiative sets out 20 principles aimed at ‘delivering new and effective rights for citizens’. The key principles are structured around three categories: equal opportunities and access to the labour market; fair working conditions; and social protection and inclusion. The Pillar serves as the EU’s compass for achieving better living and working conditions and supporting the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Listen to our Eurofound Talks podcast with European Commissioner for Jobs and Social Rights, Nicolas Schmit, about implementing the European Pillar of Social Rights and making Europe a better, fairer, greener and more digital place to live and work.

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From January to June 2025, Eurofound supports the work of Poland's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

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EU context

On 14 January 2020, the European Commission published its Communication setting out its social policy ambitions and describing the challenges to be overcome in the EU. Implementing the European Pillar of Social Rights will be crucial to achieving a strong social Europe and bringing fairness to the daily lives of citizens. It is the social strategy to ensure that the transitions in the Commission’s objectives around climate neutrality, digitalisation and demographic change are socially just and fair. 

On 4 March 2021, the Commission presented its action plan to fully implement the Pillar. The action plan sets out its ambition for a strong social Europe that focuses on jobs and skills and paves the way for a fair, inclusive and resilient recovery from the crisis. It turns the 20 principles into concrete measures and actions to ensure that the Pillar becomes a reality for citizens in their daily lives, setting new 2030 targets for employment, skills and social protection.

The updated Social Scoreboard, accompanying the Pillar, aims to monitor the performance of Member States in the employment and social field along the various dimensions outlined in the Pillar to check progress in its implementation.

This is about a recovery that creates new #jobs. It is about equipping people with the #skills they need. We will set ourselves ambitious targets on jobs and skills.

— European Commission President, Ursula von der Leyen

European Industrial Relations Dictionary

Key outputs

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This programming document describes Eurofound’s planned work over the programming period 2021–2024. It sets out the policy and institutional context for the programme, describes the multiannual programme for the four-year...

7 joulukuu 2020
Publication
Work programme
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This compendium of articles presents a snapshot of some of Eurofound’s most recent research, and highlights important 21st-century trends in quality of life and working conditions throughout the EU. It...

3 maaliskuu 2020
Publication
Other

Ongoing work

Eeuropean Pillar of Social Rights infographic
Infographic March 2022

Eurofound will be an essential knowledge source for the EU institutions, Member States and social partners in implementing the initiatives of the Pillar in 2021 and beyond. The Agency has generated a wealth of evidence on topics central to the Pillar including minimum wages, gender equality, youth employment, skills and training, platform work, an ageing society and social protection.

A compendium of articles organised around the European Commission’s six priorities for Europe presents a snapshot of some of the research areas linked with the Pillar; important questions for the EU institutions over the next decade; and trends that we have observed in quality of life and working conditions throughout the EU.

Eurofound’s 2021–2024 work programme sets out a schedule of projects that will provide valuable insights for realising the goals of the Pillar. 

Minimum wages

Ongoing research on developments in minimum wages across the EU Member States reports on how they are set and how they have developed in nominal and real terms. This is a topic where Eurofound has a well-established track record.

Gender equality

Eurofound research topics include pay transparency in Europe, women in management, funding of female entrepreneurship, discrimination against men at work, and gender equality at work.

Youth employment

Eurofound has almost a decade of findings to support this topic, analysing the population of young people not in employment, education or training (NEETs), the adverse consequences of this and estimated loss to the EU economy, as well as policy approaches to address long-term youth unemployment.

Skills and training

Extensive research about skills in the European workplace includes information on training, work organisation and job design, and skills mismatches. Skills and training needs are also featuring in research on digitalisation and platform work. 

Platform work

Research has analysed the most prevalent types of platform work as regards employment and working conditions.

Ageing society

    Eurofound has extensively mapped measures to retain and reintegrate older workers into the labour market, such as flexible working options offering more sustainable employment. Research on work after retirement in the EU highlights the need to tackle gender income gaps.

    Eurofound’s European Quality of Life Survey analyses the persistent challenges to certain age groups and raises issues around the effectiveness of social protection.

    Research continues in this topic on a variety of themes, which are outlined below with links to forthcoming titles. 

    Eurofound expert(s)

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    Massimiliano Mascherini has been Head of the Social Policies unit at Eurofound since October 2019. He joined Eurofound in 2009 as a research manager, designing and coordinating...

    Head of Unit,
    Social policies research unit
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    Tadas Leončikas is Head of the Employment unit at Eurofound since September 2022. Prior to this, he was a senior research manager in the Social Policies unit, managing the European...

    Head of Unit,
    Employment research unit
    Publications results (27)

    This working paper investigates the practical implementation of the European Works Council (EWC) Directive at company level. It explores the challenges faced by existing EWCs and provides examples of solutions identified and remaining issues from the point of view of both workers and management. In

    25 October 2022

    Covid-19-pandemia on lisännyt eriarvoisuutta Euroopassa monissa yhteiskunnan eri yhteyksissä, mukaan lukien naisten ja miesten välillä useilla keskeisillä aloilla. Tässä kertomuksessa tarkastellaan ennen covid-19-kriisiä vallinnutta sukupuolten eriarvoisuutta ja kuvataan pandemian vaikutuksia näihin

    13 October 2022

    In collecting information on essential services, the European Commission requested Eurofound to provide input on certain aspects of existing and planned measures in the Member States to improve access to essential services in reference to Principle 20 of the European Pillar of Social Rights. For thi

    07 September 2022

    Raportissa analysoidaan työehtosopimusten neuvottelumenettelyjen ja niiden tulosten viimeaikaista kehitystä ja uusia käytäntöjä pääasiassa yksityisellä sektorilla. Raportissa tarkastellaan kymmenen EU:n jäsenvaltion työehtosopimusneuvottelujärjestelmiä, ja se perustuu keskeisten sidosryhmien ja

    31 August 2022

    Despite the well-known adverse effects of regular long working hours on workers’ health, well-being and performance, many workers in the EU continue to work beyond their normal hours. Part of this additional working time is classified as overtime. This report takes a comparative overview of how

    10 March 2022

    This paper provides a context for the questions to be explored within the Foundation Forum 2022. Europe is emerging from the COVID-19 crisis having managed to protect its economy in the face of a major shock and prevent mass unemployment. However, challenges remain. While the Member States up to now

    24 February 2022

    Joitakin ajoittaisia piikkejä lukuun ottamatta työtaistelutoimien määrä on yleisesti vähentynyt EU:n jäsenvaltioissa viime vuosina. Kehitys on jatkunut samansuuntaisena covid-19-pandemian aikana. Merkittävimmät työriidat ovat odotetusti terveydenhuolto- ja sosiaalipalvelualalla, koulutusalalla sekä

    07 February 2022

    Ylöspäin tapahtuva lähentyminen on EU:n toiminnan ytimessä. Jäsenvaltiot ja niiden kansalaiset sitoutuvat unioniin, koska odottavat jäsenyytensä johtavan tasapainoiseen taloudelliseen vaurauteen ja sosiaaliseen edistykseen eri maissa. Jäsenvaltioiden välisten erojen lisääntymistä, kuten vuosien 2008

    20 December 2021

    Yksi merkittävimmistä kehityssuuntauksista viimeisen puolen vuosisadan aikana on ollut naisten työmarkkinoille osallistumisen valtava kasvu. Kahteen kolmesta kahden viime vuosikymmenen aikana luodusta uudesta nettotyöpaikasta on palkattu nainen. Samaan aikaan ikääntyvien työntekijöiden

    14 December 2021

    This report analyses and compares the industrial relations landscape in several sectors and activities that form a public service cluster across the 27 EU Member States and the UK – altogether employing over 57 million workers and representing 25% of the total workforce in the economy. It is based

    09 December 2021

    Online resources results (11)

    In this episode of the Eurofound Talks podcast Mary McCaughey speaks with Eurofound Deputy Director Maria Jepsen, and Barry Colfer, Director of Research at the Institute of International and European Affairs (IIEA), about European social change over the past 50 years, Eurofound’s role in these chan

    30 tammikuu 2025

    Mary McCaughey is joined by Eurofound Executive Director Ivailo Kalfin and Ivan Krastev, Chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies, to look at the political, social and economic drivers in Europe and how they might influence voters at the ballot box in the European Parliament elections in June.

    14 toukokuu 2024

    Eurofound presentation to the European Parliament Committee on Employment and Social Affairs (EMPL), Ivailo Kalfin, Executive Director, Eurofound, 24 January 2023.

    23 tammikuu 2023
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    During his visit to Dublin, European Commissioner for Jobs and Social Rights Nicolas Schmit talks about using the European Pillar of Social Rights to make Europe a better, fairer, greener and more digital place to live and work. War had just commenced in Ukraine but we were hopeful of a solution. In

    29 maaliskuu 2022
    Female teleworker taking notes during video conference on her laptop

    Workers want to telework but long working hours, isolation and inadequate equipment must be tackled

    The COVID-19 pandemic prompted a surge in telework, with dramatic increases in the number of employees working from home (teleworking) in many European countries. What for many employees started out as a mandatory move seems to have transformed into a preference among the majority for part-time or

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    Twin transition and pandemic challenge Eurofound to increase expertise, strengthen partnerships, expand reach, says new Director

    Eurofound welcomed Ivailo Kalfin to his new role as Executive Director on 1 June. After one month in the job, he reflects on the challenges facing the EU, how they will impact on the work of Eurofound and his priorities for shaping the Agency over the next five years.

    Working remotely: An overview of trends, opportunities, challenges and risks 9 March 2021 Presentation by Irene Mandl, Head of unit - Employment, Eurofound

    9 maaliskuu 2021

    Labour market regulation, effectiveness of legal rights and obligations, and safety and health at work 9 March 2021 Presentation by Barbara Gerstenberger, Head of unit - Working life, Eurofound

    9 maaliskuu 2021

    Connecting and disconnecting and work-life balance 9 March 2021 Presentation by Tina Weber, Research manager - Employment unit, Eurofound

    9 maaliskuu 2021

    Blogs results (11)
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    On 9 May, the Conference on the Future of Europe will get underway. Floated well before the COVID-19 outbreak, its timing in the wake of the seismic shifts precipitated by the pandemic, and its implementation alongside the European Pillar of Social Rights Action Plan, means that the outcomes could b

    4 toukokuu 2021

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