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Socialinis dialogas

Socialinį dialogą galima apibrėžti kaip darbdavių ir darbuotojų derybas, konsultacijas, bendrus veiksmus, diskusijas ir dalijimąsi informaciją. Sklandus socialinis dialogas yra svarbus būdas formuoti darbo sąlygas, į šį procesą įvairiais lygmenimis įtraukiant įvairius subjektus. Toks dialogas padeda derinti darbuotojų ir darbdavių interesus, taip pat užtikrinti tiek ekonominį konkurencingumą, tiek socialinę sanglaudą.

Sprendžiant iš pastarųjų ES lygmens politikos diskusijų (ypač po 2008 m. krizės), nauji svarstymai apie socialinį teisingumą, demokratiją, darbo kokybę ir naujus darbo santykių modelius paskatino abejones dėl tradicinių darbo santykių ir socialinio dialogo sistemų.

Praėjus trisdešimčiai metų po to, kai Val Duchesse pilyje Briuselyje buvo istoriškai pradėtas Europos socialinis dialogas, Komisija atnaujino procesą ir paskelbė apie socialinio dialogo atnaujinimą 2015 m. kovo 5 d. surengtame aukšto lygmens renginyje, kuriame dalyvavo visos Europos socialinių partnerių organizacijų atstovai. Europos socialinis dialogas yra ES socialinės politikos priemonė, tiesiogiai padedanti formuoti ES darbo teisės aktus ir politiką.

Topic

Recent updates

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French presidency 2022: Eurofound's contribution

From January to June 2022, Eurofound supported the work of France's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page
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Spanish presidency 2023: Eurofound's contribution

From July to December 2023, Eurofound supported the work of Spain's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page

EU context

Eurofound veikla

Politikos formuotojams reikia patikimų duomenų norint suprasti darbo rinkoje vykstančius pokyčius ir reaguoti į kintančią darbo santykių Europoje dinamiką. Remdamasis savo 28 ES valstybėse narėse ir Norvegijoje veikiančių korespondentų tinklo duomenimis ir analize, Eurofound nagrinėja tendencijas bei modelius ir atkreipia dėmesį į sklandaus socialinio dialogo pavyzdžius Europos ir nacionaliniu lygmenimis.

Eurofound tyrimuose nagrinėjami tokie aspektai kaip darbuotojų dalyvavimas, kolektyvinės derybos, atstovavimas darbuotojams ir darbo santykiai visais lygmenimis. Juose analizuojama, kaip darbo santykiai yra pritaikomi atsižvelgiant į tarptautinių įmonių paplitimą. Be to, tyrimuose apžvelgiami procesai pasaulio mastu ir lyginamos darbo santykių sistemos bei jų taikymas už ES ribų, pvz., JAV ir Japonijos ekonomikoje.

Svarbiausias indėlis

Per 40 metų Eurofound visapusiškai ištyrė daugelį besikeičiančių socialinio dialogo Europoje veiksnių įmonių, nacionaliniu, Europos ir tarptautiniu lygmenimis.

Pastaraisiais metais Eurofound išsamiai nagrinėja įvairius svarbiausius socialinio dialogo aspektus, kaip antai: 

Eurofound reprezentatyvumo tyrimuose, kurie surengti įvairiuose sektoriuose, vadovaujantis 2006 m. Komisijos įpareigojimu, pateikiama svarbiausia informacija, kurios reikia norint steigti Europos sektorių socialinio dialogo komitetus ir užtikrinti jų veikimą.

Ištekliai

Europos darbo santykių žodynas parengtas 2005 m. kaip internetinė paieškos priemonė politikos formuotojams ir praktikams, yra vertingas informacijos apie užimtumą ir darbo santykius Europos Sąjungoje šaltinis. Šalių profesinio gyvenimo profiliuose pateikiama aktuali susijusi informacija apie struktūras, institucijas ir nuostatas, kuriomis grindžiamas profesinis gyvenimas 28 ES valstybėse narėse bei Norvegijoje ir ES lygmeniu.

Kolektyvinių derybų dėl darbo užmokesčio duomenų bazės ir darbo užmokesčio, darbo laiko ir kolektyvinių darbo ginčų duomenų bazės paskirtis – suteikti tyrėjams ir politikos formuotojams kiekybinės ir kokybinės šių sričių informacijos, apimančios laikotarpį nuo 2000 m. iki dabar, iš visų valstybių narių bei Norvegijos.

Key outputs

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Kolektyviniai darbo ginčai ES

Pastaraisiais metais, išskyrus pavienius protrūkius, ES valstybėse narėse kolektyvinių veiksmų apskritai sumažėjo. Per COVID-19 pandemiją ši tendencija išliko, o reikšmingiausi darbo ginčai, nenuostabu, kilo žmonių sveikatos priežiūros ir socialinių paslaugų...

7 Vasaris 2022
Publication
Research report
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Working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020

This publication consists of individual country reports on working life during 2020 for 29 countries – the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. The country reports summarise...

23 Kovas 2021
Publication
Other
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Darbo santykių tendencijos 2015–2019 m.

Atsižvelgdamas į savo įgaliojimus, susijusius su vadovų ir darbuotojų socialinio dialogo skatinimu, EUROFOUND ilgiau nei 40 metų stebėjo ir analizavo darbo santykių sistemų tendencijas ES lygmeniu ir ES valstybėse narėse...

11 Gruodis 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

In the course of the programming period 2021–2024, Eurofound will continue regular monitoring of social dialogue, including through the EU PolicyWatch database.

Other topics addressed include:

  • Monitoring of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement 
  • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue 
  • Research on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
  • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations.

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras

Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
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Mária Sedláková

Mária Sedláková is a research officer in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for drafting overview reports for sectoral representativeness studies, management...

Research officer,
Working life research unit
Publications results (251)

Exploring the connections between EU- and national-level social dialogue

The study looks at the articulation and the complex multi-level links between European and national levels of social dialogue. It examines the factors that facilitate as well as those that hinder the successful engagement of national social partners and their ability to promote their own interests

13 July 2018
Publication
Research report
Social partners
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Involvement of the national social partners in the European Semester 2017: Social dialogue practices

The latest European Semester cycle, covering the period 2016–2017, has highlighted a range of issues regarding the quality of involvement by the social partners in the elaboration of the 2017 National Reform Programme (NRP), as well as in the implementation of the country-specific recommendations

06 March 2018
Publication
Research report
Social partners
Social dialogue
Social policies
Industrial relations
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Mapping varieties of industrial relations: Eurofound’s analytical framework applied

Eurofound’s 2016 report Mapping key dimensions of industrial relations identified four key dimensions of industrial relations: industrial democracy, industrial competitiveness, social justice, and quality of work and employment. This report builds upon that earlier study, developing a dashboard of

29 January 2018
Publication
Research report
Social dialogue
Industrial relations
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Central government administration

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for central government administration. The aim of Eurofound’s series of studies on representativeness is to identify the relevant national

17 November 2017
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social partners
Social dialogue
Public services
Collective bargaining
Living conditions and quality of life
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Tanning and leather industry

This study provides information designed to encourage sectoral social dialogue in the tanning and leather sector. The aim of Eurofound’s series of studies on representativeness is to identify the relevant national and supranational social partner organisations in the field of industrial relations in

07 November 2017
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social partners
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Footwear sector

This study provides information designed to encourage sectoral social dialogue in the footwear industry. The aim of Eurofound’s series of studies on representativeness is to identify the relevant national and supranational social partner organisations in the field of industrial relations in selected

19 October 2017
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social partners
Social dialogue
Industrial relations
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Developments in working life in Europe: EurWORK annual review 2016

Developments in Working Life in Europe is part of a series of annual reviews published by Eurofound and provides an overview of the latest developments in industrial relations and working conditions across the EU and Norway.

25 September 2017
Publication
Research report
Social dialogue
Social partners
Pay and income
Work-life balance
Health and well-being at work
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Innovative changes in European companies

Innovation is an important driver of improved competitiveness, productivity and growth potential. This report explores which workplace practices have the strongest links to innovative company behaviour, looking at innovation in the form of new or significantly changed products or processes, new or

22 June 2017
Publication
Research report
Health and well-being at work
Trust
Social dialogue
Participation at work
Working time
Work organisation
Innovation
Employment and labour markets
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Railways and urban public transport

This study provides information designed to encourage sectoral social dialogue in railways and urban public transport. The aim of Eurofound’s series of studies on representativeness is to identify the relevant national and supranational social partner organisations in the field of industrial

03 April 2017
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social partners
Social dialogue
Industrial relations
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Involvement of the social partners in the European Semester: 2016 update

This report provides an update on the role of national social partners in the European Semester process over the period 2015–2016, describing the main developments and changes compared with a previous Eurofound study on their involvement during the period 2011–2014.

24 February 2017
Publication
Research report
Social partners
Social dialogue
Social policies
Industrial relations
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Online resources results (435)

Social security reform under debate

A government committee has been set up in Portugal to examine the framework for reform of the country's social security system and to make proposals for change. Consultations with the social partners were launched in late June 1997.

27 Liepa 1997
Article
Social protection
Social dialogue
Industrial relations
Social policies
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Government's proposals for regulating employment and social protection

In July 1997, in the framework of its current process of social dialogue, the Greek Government presented its proposals for industrial relations reform and new forms of employment.

27 Liepa 1997
Article
Labour market policies
Working time
Non-standard employment
Social dialogue
Employment and labour markets
Industrial relations
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Social partners reach framework agreement on part-time work

On 6 June 1997, the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC), the Union of Industrial and Employers' Confederations of Europe (UNICE) and the European Centre of Enterprises with Public Participation and of Enterprises of General Economic Interest (CEEP) formally signed a European framework

27 Birželis 1997
Article
Non-standard employment
Social dialogue
Discrimination at work
Labour and social regulation
Industrial relations and social dialogue

TUC social Europe conference marks ETUC day of action

The aim of the ETUC day of action (EU9704120N [1]) was to mobilise pressure on the Intergovernmental Conference (IGC) (EU9704117F [2]) and the Amsterdam European Council meeting (EU9706133N [3]) for a strong commitment to employment creation in the revised European Union (EU) Treaty. [1] www

27 Birželis 1997
Article
Labour market policies
Social partners
Social dialogue
Employment and labour markets
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Tripartite agreement on Employment Alliance for eastern Germany

A year after the collapse of the tripartite "corporatist" attempt to revitalise the entire German economy (DE9702202F [1]), government, business and trade unions have succeeded in forging an alliance to boost economic growth, productivity and employment in eastern Germany. [1] www.eurofound.europa

27 Birželis 1997
Article
Job creation
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
Employment and labour markets
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Salary grades in industry

According to the Austrian Chamber of the Economy (Wirtschaftskammer Österreich, WKÖ) there were 162,339 salaried employees in industrial establishments in 1995. This was nearly 35% of total employment in industry. (There were another 8,605 in industrial enterprises in the construction industry where

27 Gegužė 1997
Article
Pay and income
Social dialogue
Ageing workforce
Labour market policies
Industrial relations and social dialogue

The 1997 Danish collective bargaining round completed

A two-year collective agreement was approved by the 225,000 employees in the government sector (DK9702103N [1]) and the 662,000 employees in the county and municipal bargaining area, offering a 4.25% pay increase, wage adjustment schemes, and improved pension and maternity leave provisions. However

27 Gegužė 1997
Article
Collective bargaining
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Working conditions
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions holds congress

The Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions (LO), the largest employee confederation in Norway, held its four-yearly congress on 10-16 May 1997. The most important issues were the question of continuing with the "Solidarity Alternative", and the adoption of the Action Programme for the period 1997

27 Gegužė 1997
Article
Social partners
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Working time
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Bargaining round extends voluntary early retirement scheme

On 6 April 1997, the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions (LO) and the Confederation of Norwegian Business and Industry (NHO) agreed on a proposal for an agreement which they could recommend to their members in this year's bargaining round. LO won acceptance for its demands on the extension of

27 Balandis 1997
Article
Collective bargaining
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Retirement
Industrial relations
Social policies
Industrial relations and social dialogue

The future of the social dialogue at Community level

On 18 September 1996, the European Commission adopted a /Communication Concerning the Development of the Social Dialogue Process at Community Level/ (COM(96) 448 final). Launching the Communication, the commissioner responsible for social affairs, Padraig Flynn, said that the time had come to reform

27 Vasaris 1997
Article
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
Agreements
Social partners
Industrial relations
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Blogs results (6)

Healthy social dialogue for a healthy healthcare sector

The COVID-19 pandemic made us acutely aware of how dependent our society is on certain essential workers. We felt deep gratitude towards workers in healthcare especially, because they worked ceaselessly in often-difficult conditions.

22 Lapkritis 2023
Jorge Cabrita
Blog
Working conditions and sustainable work
Job quality
Health and well-being at work
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
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Minimum wages rise again, but the pandemic puts a brake on their growth

Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

8 Birželis 2021
Carlos Vacas‑Soriano
Blog
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Working poor
Minimum wage
European Pillar of Social Rights
Labour market policies
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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New impetus to collective bargaining: Insights from the ECS

In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers (i

28 Spalis 2020
Christine Aumayr-Pintar
Blog
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations
Minimum wage
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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Industrial democracy still in vogue

The workings of industrial relations are constantly evolving. In this blog piece, Eurofound authors Christian Welz and Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras discuss a tool that Eurofound has developed to enable this process of change to be monitored and analysed, enabling stakeholders in Member States to asse

28 Kovas 2018
Christian Welz
Blog
Industrial relations
Job quality
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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Trust and dialogue are the secrets to business success in times of crisis

Europe has gone through significant economic change over the past decade. Businesses have had to manage the challenges posed by the financial crisis, globalisation and a rapidly changing labour market. Eurofound's new report Win-win arrangements: Innovative measures through social dialogue at compan

3 Spalis 2016
Stavroula Demetriades
Blog
Industrial relations
Innovation
Small and medium-sized enterprises
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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From Val Duchesse to Riga: how to relaunch social dialogue?

The new European Commission (EC) under President Jean-Claude Juncker is committed to re-launching social dialogue and a first step was taken with the organisation of a high-level conference in Brussels on 5 March. The aim of the conference was to discuss concrete ways to strengthen social dialogue w

20 Balandis 2015
Christian Welz
Blog
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Upcoming publications results (7)

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Graphical sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

July 2025
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

National social dialogue addressing the twin transition

This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

March 2025
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Digitalisation
European Green Deal
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
Social dialogue
Social partners

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Extractive industries sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Construction sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Chemical sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Road transport sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Postal and courier activities sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

November 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

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