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Remuneração e rendimento

A remuneração e o rendimento são elementos fundamentais para as relações de trabalho e a qualidade de vida. Esta questão tem sido alvo de ainda maior atenção a nível da UE devido aos desenvolvimentos induzidos pela crise na economia e na sociedade em geral.

Topic

Recent updates

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This 2024 annual review of minimum wages provides a synopsis of minimum wage setting during 2023 in the EU27 and Norway. It reports in detail on the processes and outcomes...

26 Junho 2024
Publication
Research report

EU context

 O Pilar Europeu dos Direitos Sociais estabelece os compromissos da UE em matéria de salários: o direito dos trabalhadores a um salário justo que lhes garanta um nível de vida decente, a garantia de um salário mínimo adequado e a prevenção da pobreza no trabalho.

Trabalho da Eurofound

A Eurofound apresenta regularmente relatórios sobre diversos aspetos das remunerações e dos rendimentos à luz das circunstâncias económicas em mudança na Europa.

Acompanhamento das remunerações

Através do seu Observatório Europeu da Vida Profissional (EurWORK), a Eurofound reúne uma vasta gama de informações sobre remunerações. A natureza regular dos relatórios dá origem a uma grande quantidade de observações sobre remunerações acordadas coletivamente, permitindo o acompanhamento das tendências. A Eurofound publica de forma regular atualizações temáticas relativas a salários mínimos nacionais e a remunerações acordadas coletivamente. Acompanha igualmente os progressos a nível nacional relacionados com mecanismos de fixação de salários, remuneração equitativa, remuneração variável, salários baixos e disparidades de género no que respeita à remuneração.

Os perfis relativos à vida profissional por país contêm informação sobre remuneração a nível nacional e são regularmente atualizados. O EurWORK mantém duas bases de dados no domínio da remuneração (ver recursos, adiante).

O Observatório Europeu do Emprego (EJM) da Eurofound analisa as mudanças de emprego por atividade profissional, em função de diversas medidas qualitativas, incluindo a remuneração. Contribui, em particular, para o nosso conhecimento sobre o fenómeno da polarização do emprego - ou seja, em que medida o crescimento do emprego tende a ser maior no topo e na base da distribuição salarial comparativamente ao meio da mesma.  

Dados do inquérito

Os inquéritos da Eurofound acompanham também as condições de remuneração na UE. A remuneração é um elemento fundamental da investigação da Eurofound para a avaliação da qualidade do trabalho. No Inquérito Europeu sobre as Condições de Trabalho (EWCS), a remuneração é um dos sete indicadores da qualidade do emprego. O EWCS elabora ainda relatórios sobre as disparidades de género no que respeita à remuneração. Explore a Ferramenta interativa de visualização de dados do EWCS

O Inquérito Europeu sobre a Qualidade de Vida (EQLS) acompanha o impacto do rendimento sobre os padrões de vida e avalia a relação entre a desigualdade de rendimentos e a coesão social e o bem-estar. Analisa a forma como a crise tem afetado as famílias, considerando as famílias de baixo rendimento, o endividamento das famílias e os grupos em risco de pobreza. O EQLS reúne ainda informação sobre os rendimentos na reforma e as opções de prolongamento da vida profissional. Explore a  Ferramenta interativa de visualização de dados do EQLS.

O Inquérito Europeu às Empresas (ECS) abrange a utilização de regimes variáveis de remuneração nos estabelecimentos, bem como a cobertura dos trabalhadores desses estabelecimentos por acordos salariais coletivos. O inquérito permite relacionar a informação sobre remuneração variável e negociação salarial com informação sobre organização do trabalho, gestão de recursos humanos, participação direta dos trabalhadores e diálogo social, bem como sobre o desempenho e o bem-estar no local de trabalho.

Key outputs

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A revisão anual dos salários mínimos para 2023 foi preparada num contexto de inflação sem precedentes em toda a Europa. Embora tal tenha conduzido a aumentos acentuados das taxas salariais...

29 Junho 2023
Publication
Research report
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Este relatório analisa a distribuição da riqueza das famílias nos Estados-Membros da UE e o papel da riqueza na mobilidade social. Utilizando dados de três conjuntos de dados (o Inquérito...

30 Março 2021
Publication
Research report

Current and ongoing research

 

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Christine Aumayr-Pintar is a senior research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. Her current research topics include minimum wages, collectively agreed wages and gender...

Senior research manager,
Working life research unit
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Carlos Vacas Soriano is a research manager in the Employment unit at Eurofound. He works on topics related to wage and income inequalities, minimum wages, low pay, job quality...

Research manager,
Employment research unit
Publications results (124)

Income security and economic well-being have a huge bearing on people’s overall quality of life. Recent enlargement of the European Union has reshaped the contours of the economic landscape in Europe, resulting in a widening of the gap between the richest and poorest countries. A recent Foundation

21 December 2005

The recent enlargement of the European Union has changed the context within which poverty and social exclusion in the Member States is understood and has highlighted the need for an expanded approach to these problems. Enlargement has widened the gap in living standards between the richest and

11 October 2005

The problem of working poverty is increasingly pressing given the higher average incidence of the phenomenon in the new Member States. It represents a complex and challenging issue for European societies, as it can arise due to either individual or household circumstances. The Foundation’s project

15 October 2004

At the heart of this Foundation study is an examination of measures and mechanisms for more coordinated policy development and implementation, leading to a more effective delivery of services to minimum income recipients. Information is being gathered on the most widely used minimum income schemes

05 October 2000

Online resources results (889)

Spain: Number of companies applying internal flexibility measures has tripled

The number of Spanish companies applying flexibility measures to working time and pay tripled between 2012 and 2013

Austria: Dispute over doctors' pay in wake of EU working time law

A new agreement on the pay and working time of physicians in Vienna has been overwhelmingly rejected in a ballot of physicians, but the municipal government is reluctant to reopen negotiations.

Denmark: Heated debate about introducing minimum wage

A heated debate broke out in autumn 2014 about the introduction of a statutory national minimum wage in Denmark. The call for renewed discussion from the President of the Confederation of Professionals in Denmark (FTF) was met with opposition from most employees’ and employers’ organisations, which

Czech Republic: Results of annual survey on employee benefits

ING Life Insurance, in conjunction with the Confederation of Industry of the Czech Republic, have carried out an annual survey of employee benefits since 2010. Employee benefits are provided by virtually all companies which, on average, offer 10 different benefits. Mobile phones and company-produced

Spain: Discussion over salary rises delays renewal of national agreement

Social partners continued to discuss the renewal of the Agreement for Employment and Social Dialogue 2012–2014 right up to the end of 2014. The agreement had been expected to be signed before the end of the year.


Blogs results (22)

The housing crisis could be tackled by improving public services, better urban planning and ensuring that social protection benefits reach the people who need them most.

2 Maio 2024
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The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way we live and work. With the lifting of restrictions across the globe, we are now able to examine the many repercussions on the world of work. In particular, the unique demands of the last few years have shone a harsh spotlight on the pressures brought to bear

17 Janeiro 2023
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Rising energy prices are putting more people under increased financial pressure and at greater risk of energy poverty. In this data story, we take a closer look at the data from the fifth round of the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey to explore the extent of the issue and the threat of energy

3 Agosto 2022
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Minimum wages have risen significantly in 2022, as the EU Member States leave behind the cautious mood of the pandemic. However, rising inflation is eating up these wage increases, and only flexibility in the regular minimum wage setting processes may avoid generalised losses in purchasing power amo

15 Junho 2022
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While the number of employees earning the minimum wage has increased across Europe over the last decade, spurred by significant minimum wage hikes, a clear gender divide emerges, with minimum wage earners more likely to be women. Minimum wage earners are also more likely to live in materially depriv

26 Outubro 2021
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With its proposed directive on gender pay transparency, the European Commission has significantly bolstered the set of tools for delivering its objectives compared to those presented in its 2014 Recommendation. The proposed portfolio of measures addresses many shortcomings of the instruments that

18 Junho 2021
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Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

8 Junho 2021
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The pandemic has had differential impacts on women. Raised consciousness about them must be applied to advance gender equality in recovery measures. All crises have a strongly gendered impact and none more so than the current pandemic, across a range of indicators. While the virus itself seems to ta

28 Abril 2021
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​​​​​​​To date, close to six million workers in the EU have lost their jobs due to COVID-19. Many businesses have closed their doors forever or been pushed to the brink, bringing severe financial and psychological hardship to the individuals and families affected. However, the toll of the pandemic

9 Fevereiro 2021

Upcoming publications results (1)

The report maps trends in income inequality and examines the situation of the middle classes in the EU during 2020, the year most associated with the COVID-19 lockdowns. It charts developments in the size and composition of middle-class households across countries, identifies those that suffered dis

July 2024
Data results (4)

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