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Sociálny dialóg

Sociálny dialóg možno definovať ako rokovania, konzultácie, spoločné akcie, diskusie a výmenu informácií medzi zamestnávateľmi a pracovníkmi. Dobre fungujúci sociálny dialóg je kľúčovým nástrojom pri formovaní pracovných podmienok zahŕňajúci rôznych aktérov na rôznych úrovniach. Prispieva k dosiahnutiu rovnováhy medzi záujmami pracovníkov a zamestnávateľov a k hospodárskej konkurencieschopnosti, ako aj sociálnej súdržnosti.

Nedávne politické diskusie na úrovni EÚ poukázali na to, že najmä od krízy v roku 2008 sa objavujú nové diskusie o sociálnej spravodlivosti, demokracii, kvalite práce a nových modeloch pracovnoprávnych vzťahov, ktoré spochybňujú tradičné pracovné vzťahy a systémy sociálneho dialógu.

Tridsať rokov po historickej inaugurácii európskeho sociálneho dialógu vo Val Duchesse v Bruseli, Komisia spustila znovu proces – nový začiatok pre sociálny dialóg – na podujatí vysokej úrovne, na ktorom sa 5. marca 2015 zúčastnili organizácie sociálnych partnerov z celej Európy. Európsky sociálny dialóg je nástroj sociálnej politiky EÚ, ktorý priamo prispieva k formovaniu pracovnoprávnych predpisov a politík EÚ.

Topic

Recent updates

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French presidency 2022: Eurofound's contribution

From January to June 2022, Eurofound supported the work of France's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page
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Spanish presidency 2023: Eurofound's contribution

From July to December 2023, Eurofound supported the work of Spain's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page

EU context

Práca nadácie Eurofound

Tvorcovia politík potrebujú spoľahlivé dôkazy na pochopenie zmien, ku ktorým dochádza na trhu práce a aby dokázali reagovať na meniacu sa dynamiku pracovnoprávnych vzťahov v Európe. Nadácia Eurofound používa údaje a analýzu zo svojej siete korešpondentov v 28 členských štátoch EÚ a Nórsku na mapovanie trendov a modelov a na poukázanie na príklady dobre fungujúceho sociálneho dialógu na európskej a národnej úrovni.

V rámci výskumu nadácie Eurofound sa skúmajú také aspekty ako účasť pracovníkov na kolektívnom vyjednávaní, zastúpenie zamestnancov a pracovnoprávne vzťahy na všetkých úrovniach. Skúma sa, do akej miery sa pracovnoprávne vzťahy prispôsobili vzniku nadnárodných organizácií. A zohľadňuje sa aj globálna perspektíva porovnaním systémov pracovnoprávnych vzťahov a výsledkov ekonomík mimo EÚ, ako napríklad USA a Japonsko.

Hlavné príspevky

Nadácia Eurofound vykonala veľký kus práce za vyše 40 rokov, v rámci ktorej sa mapovali mnohé a meniace sa formy sociálneho dialógu v Európe na rôznych úrovniach: podnikovej, národnej, európskej a medzinárodnej.

V posledných rokoch nadácia Eurofound vykonala podrobné analýzy rôznych záležitostí v centre sociálneho dialógu, ako napríklad: 

Štúdie o reprezentatívnosti nadácie Eurofound vykonané vo viacerých odvetviach na základe poverenia Komisie v roku 2006 poskytujú základné informácie, ktoré sú potrebné na zriadenie a fungovanie európskych výborov pre odvetvový sociálny dialóg.

Zdroje

Európsky slovník pracovnoprávnych vzťahov vypracovaný v roku 2005 ako online referenčný nástroj pre tvorcov politík a odborných pracovníkov je cenným zdrojom informácií o zamestnanosti a pracovnoprávnych vzťahoch v EÚ. Profily krajín z hľadiska pracovného života poskytujú relevantné kontextové informácie o štruktúrach, inštitúciách a pravidlách zaoberajúcich sa pracovným životom v členských štátoch EÚ-28 a Nórsku, ako aj na úrovni EÚ.

Databázy týkajúce sa kolektívneho vyjednávania o mzdách a miezd, pracovného času a kolektívnych sporov poskytujú výskumníkom a tvorcom politík kvantitatívne a kvalitatívne informácie o týchto témach vo všetkých členských štátoch a v Nórsku od roku 2000 až doteraz.

Key outputs

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Kolektívne pracovné spory v EÚ

V posledných rokoch okrem niektorých dočasných prudkých nárastov došlo v členských štátoch EÚ k všeobecnému poklesu počtu kolektívnych akcií. Počas pandémie ochorenia COVID-19 tento trend pokračoval, pričom najvýznamnejšie pracovné spory...

7 február 2022
Publication
Research report
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Working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020

This publication consists of individual country reports on working life during 2020 for 29 countries – the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. The country reports summarise...

23 marec 2021
Publication
Other
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Pracovnoprávne vzťahy: Vývoj v rokoch 2015 – 2019

V rámci svojho mandátu podporovať dialóg medzi sociálnymi partnermi nadácia Eurofound viac než 40 rokov sleduje a analyzuje vývoj v systémoch pracovnoprávnych vzťahov na úrovni EÚ a v členských štátoch...

11 december 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

In the course of the programming period 2021–2024, Eurofound will continue regular monitoring of social dialogue, including through the EU PolicyWatch database.

Other topics addressed include:

  • Monitoring of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement 
  • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue 
  • Research on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
  • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations.

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras

Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
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Mária Sedláková

Mária Sedláková is a research officer in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for drafting overview reports for sectoral representativeness studies, management...

Research officer,
Working life research unit
Publications results (251)

EIRO Annual review 1997

This first EIRO Annual review aims to provide an overview and summary of western Europe's main industrial relations developments in 1997, drawing on the EIROnline database records entered during the year. The review also provides a guide to using EIROnline, which is the heart of the Observatory's

23 February 1999
Publication
Annual report
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
Online resources results (435)

Spain: Milestone agreement in retail sector

An agreement between social partners in the Spanish retail sector will govern working and employment conditions for the next three years. About 260,000 employees are expected to benefit from this agreement, which is likely to set the standards for other sector agreements due to be negotiated during

30 máj 2017
Article
Pay and income
Social dialogue
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

France: Occupational personal accounts take effect

Occupational personal accounts, one of the flagship measures of France’s labour market reforms, took effect on 1 January 2017. The aim is to enable people to acquire entitlements to training without fear of losing them if they change employer.

29 máj 2017
Article
Labour market policies
Skills and training
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

EU level: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Issues related to the European Commission’s proposal on the European Pillar of Social Rights, as well as some developments in social dialogue at EU level, are the main topics of interest in this article. This update reports on the latest developments in working life at EU level in the first quarter

15 máj 2017
Article
Ageing workforce
Inequality
Social policies
Social dialogue
Labour market participation
Work-life balance
Working conditions
Working time
Social protection
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Slovenia: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The unions’ rejection of pension reform proposals, employers' demands for the withdrawal of a mini labour reform and the launch of the unions’ fair pay campaign are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Slovenia in the

10 máj 2017
Article
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Spain: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The inability of the national social partners to agree salary recommendations; digital disconnection after working hours; and the effects of the increase in the minimum wage on employment are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in

2 máj 2017
Article
Digitalisation
Minimum wage
Social dialogue
Anticipating and managing the impact of change
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Bulgaria: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Rising wages following an increase in the minimum statutory wage, a victory for the centre-right party GERB in the March elections and predictions of a rise in employment in tourism are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working

26 apríl 2017
Article
Minimum wage
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Lithuania: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Controversial provisions in the Labour Code; four new members for Lithuania’s Tripartite Council; and initiatives by the main employer organisation, the Confederation of Lithuanian Industrialists, are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments

21 apríl 2017
Article
Labour law
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Finland: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The effects of the decision by the Confederation of Finnish Industries EK to terminate most peak-level agreements with trade unions and a setback for employment policy reforms are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

21 apríl 2017
Article
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
Pay and income
Industrial relations
Employment and labour markets
Non-standard employment
Working time
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue

France: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Preparations for the presidential election and a revival of national social dialogue with the signing of a new collective agreement on the unemployment insurance scheme are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in France

19 apríl 2017
Article
Employment and labour markets
Social dialogue
Digitalisation
Job quality
Work-life balance
Social protection
Fraudulent work
Teleworking
Anticipating and managing the impact of change
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Latvia: Social security implications of favourable tax rate for small businesses

The social partners reacted differently to the government's plans to increase the rate of the special tax for microenterprises, the unions concerned over the lower social protection afforded the workers and employers worried about losing competitiveness due to increased labour costs. In the end, the

23 február 2017
Article
Small and medium-sized enterprises
Social dialogue
Social protection
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Blogs results (6)

Healthy social dialogue for a healthy healthcare sector

The COVID-19 pandemic made us acutely aware of how dependent our society is on certain essential workers. We felt deep gratitude towards workers in healthcare especially, because they worked ceaselessly in often-difficult conditions.

22 november 2023
Jorge Cabrita
Blog
Working conditions and sustainable work
Job quality
Health and well-being at work
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
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Minimum wages rise again, but the pandemic puts a brake on their growth

Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

8 jún 2021
Carlos Vacas‑Soriano
Blog
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Working poor
Minimum wage
European Pillar of Social Rights
Labour market policies
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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New impetus to collective bargaining: Insights from the ECS

In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers (i

28 október 2020
Christine Aumayr-Pintar
Blog
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations
Minimum wage
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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Industrial democracy still in vogue

The workings of industrial relations are constantly evolving. In this blog piece, Eurofound authors Christian Welz and Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras discuss a tool that Eurofound has developed to enable this process of change to be monitored and analysed, enabling stakeholders in Member States to asse

28 marec 2018
Christian Welz
Blog
Industrial relations
Job quality
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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Trust and dialogue are the secrets to business success in times of crisis

Europe has gone through significant economic change over the past decade. Businesses have had to manage the challenges posed by the financial crisis, globalisation and a rapidly changing labour market. Eurofound's new report Win-win arrangements: Innovative measures through social dialogue at compan

3 október 2016
Stavroula Demetriades
Blog
Industrial relations
Innovation
Small and medium-sized enterprises
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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From Val Duchesse to Riga: how to relaunch social dialogue?

The new European Commission (EC) under President Jean-Claude Juncker is committed to re-launching social dialogue and a first step was taken with the organisation of a high-level conference in Brussels on 5 March. The aim of the conference was to discuss concrete ways to strengthen social dialogue w

20 apríl 2015
Christian Welz
Blog
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Upcoming publications results (7)

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Graphical sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

July 2025
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

National social dialogue addressing the twin transition

This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

March 2025
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Digitalisation
European Green Deal
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
Social dialogue
Social partners

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Extractive industries sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Construction sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Chemical sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Road transport sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Postal and courier activities sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

November 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

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