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Socijalni dijalog

Socijalni se dijalog može definirati kao pregovori, konzultacije, zajedničke akcije, rasprave i dijeljenje informacija koje uključuje poslodavce i radnike. Funkcionalan socijalni dijalog ključan je alat za oblikovanje radnih uvjeta, a uključuje razne aktere na raznim razinama. Njime se uravnotežuju interesi radnika i poslodavaca te doprinosi gospodarskoj konkurentnosti i društvenoj koheziji.

U nedavnim raspravama o politikama na razini Europe istaknuto je da su se pojavile nove rasprave o socijalnoj pravdi, demokraciji, kvaliteti rada i novim modelima radnih odnosa koje dovode u pitanje tradicionalne industrijske odnose i sustave socijalnog dijaloga, posebice nakon krize u 2008. godini.

Trideset godina nakon povijesne inauguracije europskog socijalnog dijaloga u Val Duchesseu u Bruxellesu, Komisija je ponovno pokrenula proces novog početka za socijalni dijalog na događaju visoke razine koji je okupio organizacije socijalnog partnerstva diljem Europe 5. ožujka 2015. Europski je socijalni dijalog instrument socijalne politike EU-a i izravno doprinosi oblikovanju radnog zakonodavstva i politika.

Topic

Recent updates

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French presidency 2022: Eurofound's contribution

From January to June 2022, Eurofound supported the work of France's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page
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Spanish presidency 2023: Eurofound's contribution

From July to December 2023, Eurofound supported the work of Spain's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page

EU context

Rad Eurofounda

Donositeljima politika potrebni su čvrsti dokazi kako bi razumjeli promjene koje se događaju na tržištu rada te kako bi odgovorili na promjenjivu dinamiku industrijskih odnosa u Europi. Eurofound se koristi podatcima i analizama koje dobiva od svoje mreže dopisnika u 28 država članica i Norveškoj kako bi mapirao trendove i obrasce te ukazao na primjere funkcionalnog socijalnog dijaloga na europskoj i nacionalnoj razini.

Eurofoundovim istraživanjem ispituju se aspekti poput sudjelovanja radnika, kolektivnog pregovaranja, zastupanja zaposlenika i industrijskih odnosa na svim razinama. Istražuje se do koje su se mjere industrijski odnosi prilagodili nastanku multinacionalnih organizacija. Istraživanje ima i globalnu perspektivu te uspoređuje sustave industrijskih odnosa i ishode gospodarstava izvan EU-a, poput SAD-a i Japana.

Ključni doprinosi

U više od 40 godina Eurofound je obavio veliku količinu posla, prikazujući mnoge promjenjive aspekte socijalnog dijaloga u Europi na raznim razinama: razini poduzeća, nacionalnim, europskim i međunarodnim razinama.

Posljednjih je godina Eurofound proveo detaljne analize raznih problema koji se nalaze u središtu socijalnog dijaloga, poput: 

Eurofoundovim istraživanjima o reprezentativnosti koja su provedena u nekoliko sektora nakon mandata Komisije 2006. pružaju se osnovne informacije koje su potrebne za uspostavljanje i funkcioniranje odbora za europski sektorski socijalni dijalog.

Izvori

Europski rječnik industrijskih odnosa, razvijen 2005. kao internetski referentni alat za donositelje politika i djelatnike, predstavlja vrijednu riznicu informacija o zapošljavanju i industrijskim odnosima u EU-u. Profili zemalja s obzirom na radni vijek pružaju važne kontekstualne informacije o strukturama, institucijama i propisima koji se odnose na radni vijek u 28 država članica EU-a i Norveškoj na razini EU-a.

Cilj je baza podataka o kolektivnom pregovaranju o plaćama i o plaćama, radnom vremenu i kolektivnim sporovima pružiti istraživačima i donositeljima politika kvantitativne i kvalitativne informacije o tim temama diljem svih država članica i Norveške od 2000. do danas.

Key outputs

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Kolektivni radni sporovi u EU-u

Osim nekih povremenih povećanja, posljednjih je godina došlo do općeg smanjenja sindikalnog djelovanja u državama članicama EU-a. Tijekom pandemije uzrokovane bolešću COVID-19 taj je trend nastavljen, pri čemu se očekivano...

7 veljače 2022
Publication
Research report
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Working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020

This publication consists of individual country reports on working life during 2020 for 29 countries – the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. The country reports summarise...

23 ožujka 2021
Publication
Other
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Radni odnosi: promjene u razdoblju 2015. – 2019.

U okviru svojeg mandata, koji uključuje i obvezu promicanja dijaloga među socijalnim partnerima, Eurofound već dulje od 40 godina prati i analizira promjene u sustavima radnih odnosa na razini EU-a...

11 prosinca 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

In the course of the programming period 2021–2024, Eurofound will continue regular monitoring of social dialogue, including through the EU PolicyWatch database.

Other topics addressed include:

  • Monitoring of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement 
  • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue 
  • Research on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
  • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations.

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras

Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
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Mária Sedláková

Mária Sedláková is a research officer in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for drafting overview reports for sectoral representativeness studies, management...

Research officer,
Working life research unit
Publications results (251)

Socijalno upravljanje Mehanizmom za oporavak i otpornost: sudjelovanje nacionalnih socijalnih partnera

Three years after the adoption of the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF), this report reviews the quality of the social partners’ involvement in 2023 in the ongoing implementation of reforms and investments funded by that initiative. It also examines the quality of their involvement in the prepa

26 February 2024
Publication
Research report
Radni odnosi i socijalni dijalog
Socijalni dijalog
Social partners
Industrijski odnosi
Structural change

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Furniture sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the furniture sector.

08 December 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Woodworking sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the woodworking sector.

21 November 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the social partners in European cross-industry social dialogue

This study provides information to allow for an assessment of the representativeness of the national and supranational social partners at cross-industry level in the EU.

09 November 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Professional football sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the professional football sector.

26 October 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Etična digitalizacija na radnom mjestu: od teorije do prakse

Automation and digitisation technologies, including artificial intelligence, are rapidly evolving and becoming increasingly powerful and pervasive. The full range of their effects in the workplace is yet to be seen. It is, however, important not only to explore the ethical implications of digital te

12 September 2023
Publication
Research report
Predviđanje učinka promjena i upravljanje njime
Digitalno doba: mogućnosti i izazovi za rad i zapošljavanje
Working conditions
Socijalni dijalog
Agreements
Skills and training
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Rješavanje problema rastuće inflacije u sektorskim kolektivnim pregovorima o plaćama

After a long period of price stability, inflation has made a remarkable comeback in the EU. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the energy crisis spurred by Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine and the disruption of the international supply chain, among other factors, have driven up the

06 September 2023
Publication
Research report
Radni odnosi i socijalni dijalog
Minimalna plaća
Collective bargaining
Agreements
Plaća i dohodak
Industrijski odnosi
Socijalni dijalog
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Involvement of social partners in the implementation of national recovery and resilience plans

In 2022, the European Semester process was updated to take into account the launch of the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) in February 2021. Over the past year, Member States have implemented national recovery and resilience plans (RRPs) in a context of huge geopolitical and economic upheaval

29 March 2023
Publication
Research report
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
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Trends in national social dialogue in responding to external shocks or crises: Background paper

This paper provides an overview of the involvement of the social partners in policymaking and social dialogue in recent years, primarily at national peak level. It will focus on the evolution of social dialogue over the past decade and a half in terms of its response to external shocks, focusing on

20 March 2023
Publication
Customised report
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
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Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Civil aviation sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the civil aviation sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

20 December 2022
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
Online resources results (435)

Slovenia: Employers withdraw from social agreement for 2015–2016

Slovenian employer organisations withdrew from the 2015–2016 social agreement at the end of November 2015, after Parliament approved amendments to the law on the minimum wage. Employers said the government had acted unacceptably and arbitrarily in making the changes. Trade unions, however, argue

23 svibnja 2016
Article
Agreements
Social partners
Social dialogue
Industrial relations
Labour and social regulation
Industrial relations and social dialogue

France: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Government plans to combat high levels of unemployment, controversial revisions to the Labour Code, negotiations about unemployment insurance schemes and the impact of digitalisation on working life are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest

16 svibnja 2016
Article
Non-standard employment
Labour law
Labour market policies
Teleworking
Job quality
Work-life balance
Working time
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Industrial relations
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Luxembourg: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Tax reforms welcomed by social partners, failed negotiations over working time legislation, a slight decrease in unemployment levels, and reforms to parental leave allowance are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

10 svibnja 2016
Article
Leave
Working time
Social dialogue
Social partners
Labour law
Working conditions
Industrial relations
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Latvia: Developments in working life - Q1 2016

Changes in labour and tax legislation, preparations for Latvia’s accession to the OECD and, connected with this, increased political focus on corruption and the shadow economy are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

29 travnja 2016
Article
Fraudulent work
Social dialogue
Industrial relations
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Italy: New Stability Law extends range of tax-exempt benefits

Italy’s 2016 Stability Law supports the uptake of private welfare measures by extending the types of tax-exempt benefits offered by employers to include those agreed through collective bargaining.

27 travnja 2016
Article
Pay and income
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Industrial relations
Labour and social regulation
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Denmark: Tripartite agreement on integration of refugees

On 17 April 2016, the Danish government concluded tripartite negotiations with social partner confederations with an agreement on the integration of refugees. Those with no or few competencies are to be offered internships on apprentice wage level, combined with Danish lessons and the possibility

22 travnja 2016
Article
Migration and mobility
Minimum wage
Labour market participation
Collective bargaining
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Industrial relations
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Finland: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Talks on the Competitiveness Pact, threats to the formation of a new peak-level organisation, and an agreement on a wage freeze are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Finland in the first quarter of 2016.

20 travnja 2016
Article
Working time
Social dialogue
Social partners
Working conditions
Employment and labour markets
Industrial relations
Labour and social regulation
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Croatia: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

​The election of Croatia’s new Prime Minister and government, and serious challenges to public finance over public-sector wages are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Croatia in the first quarter of 2016.

20 travnja 2016
Article
Pay and income
Collective bargaining
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Industrial relations
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Italy: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Consultation on the renewal of industrial relations regulations, a proposal for a Charter of Universal Labour Rights, new rules on self-employment and 'smart working', and negotiations for the renewal of the collective bargaining agreement in the metalworking sector are the main topics of interest

19 travnja 2016
Article
Non-standard employment
Collective bargaining
Social dialogue
Labour law
Industrial relations
Industrial relations and social dialogue

France: Agreement signed to protect compulsory supplementary pension schemes

In France, two compulsory supplementary pension schemes managed by the social partners are facing financial difficulties. The social partners have signed an agreement to protect the schemes. The agreement introduces a bonus–penalty system to encourage employees to retire later.

15 veljače 2016
Article
Social dialogue
Retirement
Public services
Industrial relations
Social policies
Living conditions and quality of life
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Blogs results (6)

Healthy social dialogue for a healthy healthcare sector

The COVID-19 pandemic made us acutely aware of how dependent our society is on certain essential workers. We felt deep gratitude towards workers in healthcare especially, because they worked ceaselessly in often-difficult conditions.

22 studenog 2023
Jorge Cabrita
Blog
Working conditions and sustainable work
Job quality
Health and well-being at work
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
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Minimum wages rise again, but the pandemic puts a brake on their growth

Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

8 lipnja 2021
Carlos Vacas‑Soriano
Blog
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Working poor
Minimum wage
European Pillar of Social Rights
Labour market policies
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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New impetus to collective bargaining: Insights from the ECS

In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers (i

28 listopada 2020
Christine Aumayr-Pintar
Blog
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations
Minimum wage
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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Industrial democracy still in vogue

The workings of industrial relations are constantly evolving. In this blog piece, Eurofound authors Christian Welz and Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras discuss a tool that Eurofound has developed to enable this process of change to be monitored and analysed, enabling stakeholders in Member States to asse

28 ožujka 2018
Christian Welz
Blog
Industrial relations
Job quality
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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Trust and dialogue are the secrets to business success in times of crisis

Europe has gone through significant economic change over the past decade. Businesses have had to manage the challenges posed by the financial crisis, globalisation and a rapidly changing labour market. Eurofound's new report Win-win arrangements: Innovative measures through social dialogue at compan

3 listopada 2016
Stavroula Demetriades
Blog
Industrial relations
Innovation
Small and medium-sized enterprises
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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From Val Duchesse to Riga: how to relaunch social dialogue?

The new European Commission (EC) under President Jean-Claude Juncker is committed to re-launching social dialogue and a first step was taken with the organisation of a high-level conference in Brussels on 5 March. The aim of the conference was to discuss concrete ways to strengthen social dialogue w

20 travnja 2015
Christian Welz
Blog
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Upcoming publications results (7)

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Graphical sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

July 2025
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

National social dialogue addressing the twin transition

This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

March 2025
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Digitalisation
European Green Deal
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
Social dialogue
Social partners

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Extractive industries sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Construction sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Chemical sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Road transport sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Postal and courier activities sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

November 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

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