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Pracovnoprávne vzťahy

Odborové zväzy, zamestnávateľské organizácie, ako aj verejné orgány zohrávajú dôležitú úlohu pri riadení vzťahov medzi zamestnancami a zamestnávateľmi. Predstavujú vzájomne prepojené súčasti v systéme, ktorý funguje na európskej, národnej, odvetvovej, regionálnej a podnikovej úrovni. V posledných rokoch, keďže dochádza k rozvoju technológií a foriem práce v neustále sa meniacom ekonomickom prostredí, systémy pracovnoprávnych vzťahov čelia závažným výzvam.

V tejto súvislosti Európska komisia vyhlásila v roku 2015 „nový začiatok“ európskeho sociálneho dialógu. V spoločnom vyhlásení v júni 2016 Komisia, Rada Európskej únie a sociálni partneri poukázali na jeho zásadnú úlohu ako významnej súčasti tvorby politiky v oblasti zamestnanosti a sociálnej oblasti.

Topic

Recent updates

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This 2024 annual review of minimum wages provides a synopsis of minimum wage setting during 2023 in the EU27 and Norway. It reports in detail on the processes and outcomes...

26 jún 2024
Publication
Research report

EU context

Práca nadácie Eurofound

Nadácia Eurofound sa vyše 40 rokov rozvíja ako hlavné odborné stredisko pre monitorovanie a analýzu trendov v oblasti pracovnoprávnych vzťahov. Patria k tomu aj väzby medzi sociálnym dialógom na európskej a na národnej úrovni. Vychádzajúc z poznatkov jej siete európskych korešpondentov v 28 členských štátoch EÚ a Nórsku zachytáva vývoj vo všetkých členských štátoch a celkove v EÚ. 

Hlavné príspevky

Nadácia Eurofound vyhotovila celý rad porovnávacích analýz, článkov a prípadových štúdií v rámci celej EÚ-28 a Nórska v oblasti pracovnoprávnych vzťahov, ako aj pravidelne aktualizovaných databáz o súvisiacich témach.

Nedávna štúdia mapuje a rozoberá hlavné rozmery a ukazovatele týkajúce sa systémov pracovnoprávnych vzťahov v Európe v 21. storočí. Ďalšia oblasť výskumu sa zaoberá tým, ako sociálni partneri v EÚ a Nórsku skúmajú nové témy, nástroje a inovačné prístupy slúžiace na riešenie mnohých nových politických, právnych a sociálnych výziev, ktoré sa objavili v posledných rokoch.

Mzdapracovný čas aj naďalej predstavujú oblasti vysokého záujmu a každoročne sa preskúmavajú. Jedna oblasť najnovšej aktualizácie týkajúcej sa miezd je zameraná na zákonom stanovené minimálne úrovne miezd v rámci celej EÚ, zatiaľ čo ďalšia je zameraná na kolektívne vyjednávanie o mzdách.

Od roku 2006 nadácia Eurofound vykonáva štúdie týkajúce sa reprezentatívnosti európskych odvetvových sociálnych partnerských organizácií na základe poverenia Európskej komisie.

Zdroje

Správy o vývoji pracovného života

Nadácia Eurofound poskytuje systematické a porovnateľné údaje o národných systémoch pracovnoprávnych vzťahov v pracovnom živote prostredníctvom nástrojov monitorovania a podávania správ, ktoré vychádzajú z príspevkov z jej siete európskych korešpondentov v rámci 28 členských štátov a Nórska.

 

Key outputs

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This report examines the average weekly working hours across Europe in 2021 and 2022. It covers important developments resulting from legislative reforms in collective bargaining at national or sectoral level...

24 október 2023
Publication
Research report
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Výročný prehľad minimálnych miezd za rok 2023 bol vypracovaný v kontexte bezprecedentnej inflácie v celej Európe. Hoci to v mnohých krajinách viedlo k prudkému zvýšeniu nominálnych mzdových sadzieb, v mnohých...

29 jún 2023
Publication
Research report
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V rámci svojho mandátu podporovať dialóg medzi sociálnymi partnermi nadácia Eurofound viac než 40 rokov sleduje a analyzuje vývoj v systémoch pracovnoprávnych vzťahov na úrovni EÚ a v členských štátoch...

11 december 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

Other ongoing work

    • Social dialogue in companies, particularly linkages that can be drawn between national and EU level, to better understand of cooperation mechanisms used in decision-making and implementation in multinational companies
    • Exploration of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement
    • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue
    • A flagship report on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
    • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations
    • Highlights of recent developments of selected features of working life in so called topical updates, with one featuring statutory minimum wages
    • Updated time series in EurWORK database of wages, working time and collective disputes
    • Updated time series and update on developments in collectively agreed pay
    • Exploring the feasibility for an Industrial Action Monitor

    Eurofound expert(s)

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    Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

    Research manager,
    Working life research unit
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    Mária Sedláková is a research officer in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for drafting overview reports for sectoral representativeness studies, management...

    Research officer,
    Working life research unit
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    Victoria Cojocariu is a research support officer for the representativeness studies in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for the management of the research...

    Research support officer,
    Working life research unit
    Publications results (517)

    Previous Eurofound research has identified four key dimensions of industrial relations: industrial democracy, industrial competitiveness, social justice, and quality of work and employment. This report seeks to build a set of indicators to measure country performance in industrial relations in terms

    21 December 2018

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the contract catering sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective

    13 December 2018

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the hotels, restaurants and café (HORECA) sector.

    13 December 2018

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the commerce sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

    30 November 2018

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the inland water transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective

    29 November 2018

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the steel sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

    15 November 2018

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the metal sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

    15 November 2018

    Annual review of working life 2017 is part of a series of annual reviews published by Eurofound and provides an overview of the latest developments in industrial relations and working conditions across the EU and Norway. The annual review collates information based on reports from Eurofound’s

    22 October 2018

    This report examines the development of collectively agreed pay in conjunction with the development of actual compensation (‘wages’) and labour productivity in real terms. It applies both a longer-term perspective (the early 2000s to 2017) and a short-term perspective, with a focus on the outcomes

    10 October 2018

    The study looks at the articulation and the complex multi-level links between European and national levels of social dialogue. It examines the factors that facilitate as well as those that hinder the successful engagement of national social partners and their ability to promote their own interests

    13 July 2018

    Online resources results (1688)

    Germany: New evidence on the scope of service contracts feeds into social partner debate

    In the wake of the very heated public debate on service contracts, with unions claiming that workers on such contracts are not treated as fairly as core staff, a new study by the Institute for Employment Research (IAB) outlines to what extent German companies use these contracts and presents their

    United Kingdom: Government launches consultation on worker representatives on company boards

    Prime Minister Theresa May first pledged to put worker representatives on the boards of UK companies in July 2016, shortly after taking office. This article outlines the evolution of the proposal, up to the launch on 29 November of the formal process of consultation on corporate governance, and

    France: Latest working life developments – Q4 2016

    The enactment of laws on labour reform, protection for whistleblowers, negotiations on unemployment insurance and the restructuring of trade unions and employer organisations are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

    Germany: Labour Minister launches White Paper on the future of work

    Federal Labour Minister Andrea Nahles launched a White Paper at the end of November on the future of work, including the controversial issue of working time regulation. Both employers and workers’ representatives favour more flexibility than is allowed by current regulations that stipulate an eight

    Finland: HR managers regard diversity as strength for workplaces

    The Diversity Barometer 2016, a survey-based study by the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, explores the perceptions and attitudes of human resources professionals to diversity in Finnish workplaces. It finds that the key aspects of diversity are age and age-related issues, language and

    Croatia: New system of trade union training

    Between July 2015 and July 2016, a new system of training for union representatives and shop stewards was introduced to modernise union training and enhance social dialogue. The EDUCA project was promoted by the Union of Autonomous Trade Unions of Croatia (SSSH) with the support of unions from the

    Bulgaria: Recognition of nationally representative employer organisations and trade unions for 2016–2020

    The requirements for trade unions and employers’ organisations to claim representativeness have been amended to make eligibility easier to achieve. Using the new criteria, the Council of Ministers formally recognised five employer organisations and two trade unions as nationally representative in a

    Sweden: Debate on whether solidarity action should be restricted

    A long-running debate about solidarity in industrial action by workers supporting another group, even though their own union is not involved in the dispute, has flared up. There are fears that the turbulence of the 2016 bargaining round will be repeated in 2017 and employers are seeking stricter

    Germany: Union–Amazon conflict escalates in run-up to Christmas

    Since 2013, trade union ver.di has been recruiting members among employees of Amazon and has campaigned for better wages and working conditions. Amazon opposes all collective bargaining but argues that it is a socially responsible employer. A new round of stoppages by ver.di members demanding a

    Norway: Strike in rail sector settled and new rules coming down the line

    Industrial action that disrupted operations on Norwegian railways for five weeks in autumn 2016 was settled, with the government agreeing to reframe the national regulations for train drivers’ qualifications ahead of the planned privatisation of much of the rail network in 2017.


    Blogs results (18)
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    Minimum wages have risen significantly in 2022, as the EU Member States leave behind the cautious mood of the pandemic. However, rising inflation is eating up these wage increases, and only flexibility in the regular minimum wage setting processes may avoid generalised losses in purchasing power amo

    15 jún 2022
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    In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers (i

    28 október 2020
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    The coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is having drastic consequences for the world of work. In most European countries workers who are not delivering essential ‘frontline’ services are being asked to stay home. Unfortunately many are out of work, while many of those who are not are minimum-wage and low

    1 apríl 2020
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    As one of their ‘100 days in office’ initiatives, the new European Commission intends to propose an initiative for an EU minimum wage. The aim is that by 2024 every worker in the EU should earn a fair and adequate wage, no matter where they live.

    15 január 2020
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    Trade unions in many EU Member States face the issue of declining membership. This is a fundamental challenge for organised labour, but it is premature to speak about the redundancy unions: when it comes to important decisions affecting the workplace, restructuring being one, trade unions remain a p

    20 november 2019
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    The International Labour Organization (ILO) met for the first time 100 years ago, and right at the top of the agenda for discussion for this new specialised UN agency was the 8-hour working day. This discussion subsequently resulted in the Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, which stated that ‘The

    12 november 2019
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    The European Platform Tackling Undeclared Work last year documented the case of a Dutch temporary work agency that hired workers of various nationalities to work for a construction company in Belgium. The wages were suspiciously low, and the Belgian Labour Inspectorate believed that EU law guarantee

    17 júl 2019
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    The votes have been cast, tallied and declared and we can now see the political landscape of the new European Parliament. It is a complex picture: there has been growth of far-right and populist parties, but well short of what was projected, and at the same time there has been a boost for pro

    30 máj 2019
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    Seniority entitlements have largely been on the decline since the 1990s, and have been gradually phased-out from legislation in Europe, as well as in collective agreements. However, it would be premature to dismiss seniority-based entitlements as a thing of the past, as they remain in force across E

    17 apríl 2019
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    In this blog piece, originally published in Social Europe, Karel Fric and Camilla Galli da Bino look at the issue of discrimination against men in the workplace in Europe, and the current lack of research in this area.

    1 máj 2018

    Upcoming publications results (8)

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

    July 2025

    This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

    March 2025

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

    November 2024

    This publication comprises individual country reports on developments in working life in each of the 27 EU Member States and Norway in 2023, based on national research and survey results. The topics covered include the political context in 2023; updates on the social partners and social dialogue ins

    July 2024

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