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Sociálny dialóg

Sociálny dialóg možno definovať ako rokovania, konzultácie, spoločné akcie, diskusie a výmenu informácií medzi zamestnávateľmi a pracovníkmi. Dobre fungujúci sociálny dialóg je kľúčovým nástrojom pri formovaní pracovných podmienok zahŕňajúci rôznych aktérov na rôznych úrovniach. Prispieva k dosiahnutiu rovnováhy medzi záujmami pracovníkov a zamestnávateľov a k hospodárskej konkurencieschopnosti, ako aj sociálnej súdržnosti.

Nedávne politické diskusie na úrovni EÚ poukázali na to, že najmä od krízy v roku 2008 sa objavujú nové diskusie o sociálnej spravodlivosti, demokracii, kvalite práce a nových modeloch pracovnoprávnych vzťahov, ktoré spochybňujú tradičné pracovné vzťahy a systémy sociálneho dialógu.

Tridsať rokov po historickej inaugurácii európskeho sociálneho dialógu vo Val Duchesse v Bruseli, Komisia spustila znovu proces – nový začiatok pre sociálny dialóg – na podujatí vysokej úrovne, na ktorom sa 5. marca 2015 zúčastnili organizácie sociálnych partnerov z celej Európy. Európsky sociálny dialóg je nástroj sociálnej politiky EÚ, ktorý priamo prispieva k formovaniu pracovnoprávnych predpisov a politík EÚ.

Topic

Recent updates

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From January to June 2022, Eurofound supported the work of France's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page
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From July to December 2023, Eurofound supported the work of Spain's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page

EU context

Práca nadácie Eurofound

Tvorcovia politík potrebujú spoľahlivé dôkazy na pochopenie zmien, ku ktorým dochádza na trhu práce a aby dokázali reagovať na meniacu sa dynamiku pracovnoprávnych vzťahov v Európe. Nadácia Eurofound používa údaje a analýzu zo svojej siete korešpondentov v 28 členských štátoch EÚ a Nórsku na mapovanie trendov a modelov a na poukázanie na príklady dobre fungujúceho sociálneho dialógu na európskej a národnej úrovni.

V rámci výskumu nadácie Eurofound sa skúmajú také aspekty ako účasť pracovníkov na kolektívnom vyjednávaní, zastúpenie zamestnancov a pracovnoprávne vzťahy na všetkých úrovniach. Skúma sa, do akej miery sa pracovnoprávne vzťahy prispôsobili vzniku nadnárodných organizácií. A zohľadňuje sa aj globálna perspektíva porovnaním systémov pracovnoprávnych vzťahov a výsledkov ekonomík mimo EÚ, ako napríklad USA a Japonsko.

Hlavné príspevky

Nadácia Eurofound vykonala veľký kus práce za vyše 40 rokov, v rámci ktorej sa mapovali mnohé a meniace sa formy sociálneho dialógu v Európe na rôznych úrovniach: podnikovej, národnej, európskej a medzinárodnej.

V posledných rokoch nadácia Eurofound vykonala podrobné analýzy rôznych záležitostí v centre sociálneho dialógu, ako napríklad: 

Štúdie o reprezentatívnosti nadácie Eurofound vykonané vo viacerých odvetviach na základe poverenia Komisie v roku 2006 poskytujú základné informácie, ktoré sú potrebné na zriadenie a fungovanie európskych výborov pre odvetvový sociálny dialóg.

Zdroje

Európsky slovník pracovnoprávnych vzťahov vypracovaný v roku 2005 ako online referenčný nástroj pre tvorcov politík a odborných pracovníkov je cenným zdrojom informácií o zamestnanosti a pracovnoprávnych vzťahoch v EÚ. Profily krajín z hľadiska pracovného života poskytujú relevantné kontextové informácie o štruktúrach, inštitúciách a pravidlách zaoberajúcich sa pracovným životom v členských štátoch EÚ-28 a Nórsku, ako aj na úrovni EÚ.

Databázy týkajúce sa kolektívneho vyjednávania o mzdáchmiezd, pracovného času a kolektívnych sporov poskytujú výskumníkom a tvorcom politík kvantitatívne a kvalitatívne informácie o týchto témach vo všetkých členských štátoch a v Nórsku od roku 2000 až doteraz.

Key outputs

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V posledných rokoch okrem niektorých dočasných prudkých nárastov došlo v členských štátoch EÚ k všeobecnému poklesu počtu kolektívnych akcií. Počas pandémie ochorenia COVID-19 tento trend pokračoval, pričom najvýznamnejšie pracovné spory...

7 február 2022
Publication
Research report
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This publication consists of individual country reports on working life during 2020 for 29 countries – the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. The country reports summarise...

23 marec 2021
Publication
Other
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V rámci svojho mandátu podporovať dialóg medzi sociálnymi partnermi nadácia Eurofound viac než 40 rokov sleduje a analyzuje vývoj v systémoch pracovnoprávnych vzťahov na úrovni EÚ a v členských štátoch...

11 december 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

In the course of the programming period 2021–2024, Eurofound will continue regular monitoring of social dialogue, including through the EU PolicyWatch database.

Other topics addressed include:

  • Monitoring of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement 
  • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue 
  • Research on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
  • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations.

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
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Mária Sedláková is a research officer in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for drafting overview reports for sectoral representativeness studies, management...

Research officer,
Working life research unit
Publications results (251)

This study provides information designed to aid sectoral social dialogue in the graphical industry. The study is divided into three parts: a summary of the sector’s economic and employment background; an analysis of the relevant social partner organisations in all EU Member States, including their

18 January 2016

This report studies practices in EU establishments for direct and indirect employee participation in decision-making. Indirect employee participation is the involvement of employee representatives in decision-making processes, while direct employee participation describes direct interaction between

14 December 2015

Collective bargaining systems in the EU have undergone a steady change since the end of the 1990s. But as businesses across Europe struggle to respond to intensifying global competition, pressure from employers for greater flexibility in collective bargaining is increasing, especially since the 2008

04 November 2015

Since the beginning of 2015 a number of major collective agreements at national, sectoral and cross-sectoral level have been renewed, renegotiated, or under discussion. Several of the examples presented here are from the countries that have been hit hardest during the crisis and/or in which

28 October 2015

The need to reform pension systems is one of the key challenges for social policymakers in Europe. This article provides an update of how the EU 28 and Norway are tackling this issue in the face of demographic change, focusing in particular on the involvement of the social partners and governments.

02 October 2015

Social dialogue is a key part of the European social model, with European social dialogue having been launched at the historic Val Duchesse meeting 30 years ago. However, since then, established approaches to social dialogue in Europe have been challenged by industrial and social change.

29 September 2015

This study provides information designed to aid the functioning of sectoral social dialogue in the construction sector. The study is divided into three parts: a summary of the sector’s economic background; an analysis of the social partner organisations in all EU Member States (apart from Croatia)

23 September 2015

European Works Councils (EWCs) provide an important vehicle for transnational information and consultation in multinational companies. This report explores the efforts of 10 EWCs to make these bodies optimally fit for purpose for European company level social dialogue. Looking at the developments in

10 June 2015

This article synopsises the development of European social dialogue and then discusses some ideas that might guide the European institutions and the social partners as social dialogue within in the EU is relaunched, such as more autonomy for the social partners, better links between EU and national

11 May 2015

This study provides information designed to aid sectoral social dialogue in the road transport and logistics sector. The study is divided into three parts: a brief overview of sector’s economic and employment background; an analysis of the relevant social partner organisations in all the EU Member

10 April 2015

Online resources results (435)

Spain: Milestone agreement in retail sector

An agreement between social partners in the Spanish retail sector will govern working and employment conditions for the next three years. About 260,000 employees are expected to benefit from this agreement, which is likely to set the standards for other sector agreements due to be negotiated during

France: Occupational personal accounts take effect

Occupational personal accounts, one of the flagship measures of France’s labour market reforms, took effect on 1 January 2017. The aim is to enable people to acquire entitlements to training without fear of losing them if they change employer.

EU level: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Issues related to the European Commission’s proposal on the European Pillar of Social Rights, as well as some developments in social dialogue at EU level, are the main topics of interest in this article. This update reports on the latest developments in working life at EU level in the first quarter

Slovenia: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The unions’ rejection of pension reform proposals, employers' demands for the withdrawal of a mini labour reform and the launch of the unions’ fair pay campaign are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Slovenia in the

Spain: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The inability of the national social partners to agree salary recommendations; digital disconnection after working hours; and the effects of the increase in the minimum wage on employment are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in

Bulgaria: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Rising wages following an increase in the minimum statutory wage, a victory for the centre-right party GERB in the March elections and predictions of a rise in employment in tourism are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working

Lithuania: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Controversial provisions in the Labour Code; four new members for Lithuania’s Tripartite Council; and initiatives by the main employer organisation, the Confederation of Lithuanian Industrialists, are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments

Finland: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The effects of the decision by the Confederation of Finnish Industries EK to terminate most peak-level agreements with trade unions and a setback for employment policy reforms are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

France: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Preparations for the presidential election and a revival of national social dialogue with the signing of a new collective agreement on the unemployment insurance scheme are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in France

Latvia: Social security implications of favourable tax rate for small businesses

The social partners reacted differently to the government's plans to increase the rate of the special tax for microenterprises, the unions concerned over the lower social protection afforded the workers and employers worried about losing competitiveness due to increased labour costs. In the end, the


Blogs results (6)

The COVID-19 pandemic made us acutely aware of how dependent our society is on certain essential workers. We felt deep gratitude towards workers in healthcare especially, because they worked ceaselessly in often-difficult conditions.

22 november 2023
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Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

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In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers (i

28 október 2020
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The workings of industrial relations are constantly evolving. In this blog piece, Eurofound authors Christian Welz and Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras discuss a tool that Eurofound has developed to enable this process of change to be monitored and analysed, enabling stakeholders in Member States to asse

28 marec 2018
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Europe has gone through significant economic change over the past decade. Businesses have had to manage the challenges posed by the financial crisis, globalisation and a rapidly changing labour market. Eurofound's new report Win-win arrangements: Innovative measures through social dialogue at compan

3 október 2016
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The new European Commission (EC) under President Jean-Claude Juncker is committed to re-launching social dialogue and a first step was taken with the organisation of a high-level conference in Brussels on 5 March. The aim of the conference was to discuss concrete ways to strengthen social dialogue w

20 apríl 2015
Upcoming publications results (7)

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

July 2025

This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

March 2025

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

December 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

November 2024

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