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Pracovněprávní vztahy

Odborové svazy, organizace zaměstnavatelů a veřejné orgány, všechny tyto subjekt hrají roli ve správě pracovněprávních vztahů. Jedná se o vzájemně propojené součásti systému, který funguje na evropské, vnitrostátní, odvětvové, regionální a podnikové úrovni. V posledních letech, jak se technologie a formy práce vyvíjejí v rámci soustavně se měnícího ekonomického prostředí, musí systémy pracovněprávních vztahů čelit zásadním výzvám.

V této souvislosti Evropská komise v roce 2015 vyhlásila „nový začátek“ evropského sociálního dialogu. Ve společném prohlášení z června 2016 Komise, Rada Evropské unie a sociální partneři zdůraznili zásadní úlohu sociálního dialogu jako významné součásti tvorby zaměstnaneckých a sociálních politik EU.

Topic

Recent updates

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This 2024 annual review of minimum wages provides a synopsis of minimum wage setting during 2023 in the EU27 and Norway. It reports in detail on the processes and outcomes...

26 Červen 2024
Publication
Research report

EU context

Činnost nadace Eurofound

Během čtyřiceti let se z nadace Eurofound stalo klíčové středisko odborných znalostí pro monitorování a analyzování trendů v pracovněprávních vztazích. To zahrnuje souvislosti mezi sociálním dialogem na evropské a vnitrostátní úrovni. Na základě informací své sítě evropských korespondentů ve 28 členských státech EU a Norsku nadace sleduje vývoj ve všech členských státech a v celé EU. 

Hlavní příspěvky

Nadace Eurofound vypracovala řadu srovnávacích analýz a případových studií v zemích EU-28 a Norsku v oblasti pracovněprávních vztahů a také pravidelně aktualizuje databáze na související témata.

Nedávná studie mapuje a probírá hlavní aspekty a ukazatele s významem pro pracovněprávní vztahy v Evropě ve 21. století. Další výzkum je zaměřen na to, jak sociální partneři v EU a Norsku zkoumají nová témata, nástroje a inovativní přístupy, aby mohli reagovat na četné nové politické, právní a sociální výzvy, které se v posledních letech objevují.

Mzda a pracovní doba jsou i nadále oblastmi vysokého zájmu, které se každoročně přezkoumávají. Jedna část nedávné aktualizace situace v oblasti mezd se zaměřuje na výši minimální zákonné mzdy v EU, zatímco další na kolektivní vyjednávání o mzdách.

Od roku 2006 Eurofound provádí na základě pověření Evropské komise studie reprezentativnosti evropských organizací odvětvových sociálních partnerů.

Zdroje

Podávání zpráv o vývoji v oblasti pracovního života

Eurofound poskytuje systematické a srovnatelné údaje o vnitrostátních systémech pracovněprávních vztahů a vývoji v oblasti pracovního života prostřednictvím nástrojů pro monitorování a podávání zpráv s využitím příspěvků své sítě evropských korespondentů z 28 členských států a Norska.

Key outputs

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This report examines the average weekly working hours across Europe in 2021 and 2022. It covers important developments resulting from legislative reforms in collective bargaining at national or sectoral level...

24 Říjen 2023
Publication
Research report
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Přezkum minimálních mezd v roce 2023 byl vypracován v kontextu nebývalé inflace v celé Evropě. Přestože inflace vedla v řadě zemí k výraznému zvýšení nominálních mezd, v mnoha případech to...

29 Červen 2023
Publication
Research report
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V rámci svého poslání podporovat dialog mezi sociálními partnery nadace Eurofound sleduje a analyzuje vývoj systémů vztahů mezi sociálními partnery na úrovni EU a v členských státech EU již více...

11 Prosinec 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

Other ongoing work

    • Social dialogue in companies, particularly linkages that can be drawn between national and EU level, to better understand of cooperation mechanisms used in decision-making and implementation in multinational companies
    • Exploration of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement
    • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue
    • A flagship report on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
    • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations
    • Highlights of recent developments of selected features of working life in so called topical updates, with one featuring statutory minimum wages
    • Updated time series in EurWORK database of wages, working time and collective disputes
    • Updated time series and update on developments in collectively agreed pay
    • Exploring the feasibility for an Industrial Action Monitor

    Eurofound expert(s)

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    Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

    Research manager,
    Working life research unit
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    Mária Sedláková is a research officer in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for drafting overview reports for sectoral representativeness studies, management...

    Research officer,
    Working life research unit
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    Victoria Cojocariu is a research support officer for the representativeness studies in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for the management of the research...

    Research support officer,
    Working life research unit
    Publications results (517)

    Living and working in Europe, Eurofound’s 2017 yearbook, provides a snapshot of the latest developments in the work and lives of Europeans as recounted in the Agency’s research activities over the course of 2017. As economies recover, Eurofound reported on the positive trends in employment, with

    12 June 2018

    While discrimination against women at work has long been a mainstream topic in research literature, only marginal attention has been paid to discrimination against men. A number of factors may be responsible for this, including change in traditional occupational roles, cultural perceptions of the

    27 March 2018

    The latest European Semester cycle, covering the period 2016–2017, has highlighted a range of issues regarding the quality of involvement by the social partners in the elaboration of the 2017 National Reform Programme (NRP), as well as in the implementation of the country-specific recommendations

    06 March 2018

    In light of the limited action in many Member States to introduce or review gender pay transparency instruments as recommended, in November 2017 the European Commission announced the possible need for further targeted measures at EU level. This report reviews experiences in four Member States –

    07 February 2018

    The term ‘minimum wage’ refers to the various legal restrictions governing the lowest rate payable by employers to workers, regulated by formal laws or statutes. This report provides information on statutory minimum wages that are generally applicable in a country and not limited to specific sectors

    06 February 2018

    Eurofound’s 2016 report Mapping key dimensions of industrial relations identified four key dimensions of industrial relations: industrial democracy, industrial competitiveness, social justice, and quality of work and employment. This report builds upon that earlier study, developing a dashboard of

    29 January 2018

    This study provides information designed to encourage sectoral social dialogue in the tanning and leather sector. The aim of Eurofound’s series of studies on representativeness is to identify the relevant national and supranational social partner organisations in the field of industrial relations in

    07 November 2017

    This study provides information designed to encourage sectoral social dialogue in the footwear industry. The aim of Eurofound’s series of studies on representativeness is to identify the relevant national and supranational social partner organisations in the field of industrial relations in selected

    19 October 2017

    Developments in Working Life in Europe is part of a series of annual reviews published by Eurofound and provides an overview of the latest developments in industrial relations and working conditions across the EU and Norway.

    25 September 2017

    This annual review covers several issues related to working time in the EU and Norway in 2015 and 2016. It is based mainly on contributions from Eurofound’s Network of European Correspondents (NEC).

    16 August 2017

    Online resources results (1688)

    Slovenia: Doctors' agreement could destabilise public sector salary system

    After six months of tough negotiations and industrial action by doctors, the government and the doctors’ trade union finally signed a collective agreement in March 2017. Doctors achieved most of their demands, which related to working standards as well as wages. The annual cost of the agreement has

    Finland: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

    The effects of the decision by the Confederation of Finnish Industries EK to terminate most peak-level agreements with trade unions and a setback for employment policy reforms are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

    Estonia: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

    Sectoral collective bargaining in the healthcare sector, changes to the dispute resolution mechanism and equal treatment for men and women in the workplace are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Estonia in the first

    Cyprus: Disputes continue on health scheme proposals

    Debate is continuing over a draft law to replace the existing public health scheme, which provides free healthcare only to patients with chronic or incurable diseases and/or who are on low incomes. Trade unions and employer organisations oppose proposals for insurance contributions, with the unions

    Belgium: A short analysis of ‘Peeters law’

    A law proposed by Kris Peeters, the Minister of Employment, Economy and Consumers, has been met with mixed reactions by the social partners. The law, adopted by the Chamber of Representatives in February, aims to allow more flexibility in work organisation in order to modernise the Belgian labour

    Poland: Government enacts radical education reform despite opposition

    Amidst widespread union opposition, Poland’s controversial education reform plan was signed into law by the President in January and will take effect from September. The reform sees a return to the former two-tier system, with a focus on vocational training. The Polish Teachers’ Union is still not

    Italy: New industrial relations rules for SMEs in manufacturing and services

    In November 2016, a new agreement reformed rules for industrial relations covering SMEs in the industry and service sectors, fine-tuning provisions on decentralised bargaining and paritarian institutions. It also introduces a system to assess unions’ representativeness.

    Italy: New collective bargaining agreement marks a turning point for industrial relations in the metalworking sector

    On 25 November 2016, in the wake of a long-standing dispute, the social partners in the metalworking sector signed a new national collective bargaining agreement . It features new provisions on wage-setting mechanisms and private welfare and union rights, which could influence collective bargaining

    Romania: New law aims to tackle wage inequities in labour market

    The Romanian government has proposed a new unitary pay law aimed at addressing the increasing wage imbalances across sectors. This article looks at the social partners’ views and the relevant regulations.

    Austria: Autumn collective bargaining rounds give real wage increases of up to 1%

    Austria’s annual autumn wage bargaining rounds resulted in nominal wage increases of 1%–2% (around 1% in real terms, correcting for inflation). Collective agreements and wage increases were negotiated in the metal industry, retail sector, public sector, in temporary agency work and in several


    Blogs results (18)
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    The workings of industrial relations are constantly evolving. In this blog piece, Eurofound authors Christian Welz and Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras discuss a tool that Eurofound has developed to enable this process of change to be monitored and analysed, enabling stakeholders in Member States to asse

    28 Březen 2018
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    Measures to promote gender pay transparency haven’t been delivered yet in half of Europe – making EU level legislative action to speed up implementation an option. In this blog, originally posted in Social Europe, Christine Aumayr-Pintar details what we know about the measures from countries that ha

    28 Únor 2018
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    Average unemployment rates continue to fall across Europe, employment is growing again in middle-paying jobs, offshoring is on the decline, the proportion of routine jobs is falling, and efforts to make work more sustainable have borne fruit.

    6 Červen 2017
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    The growth in average (nominal) pay of employees has accelerated in recent years in EU countries after a slump following the economic crisis. Similar developments show up in data on collectively agreed wages. However, higher wage growth figures do not automatically mean that all employees benefit eq

    27 Únor 2017
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    Europe has gone through significant economic change over the past decade. Businesses have had to manage the challenges posed by the financial crisis, globalisation and a rapidly changing labour market. Eurofound's new report Win-win arrangements: Innovative measures through social dialogue at compan

    3 Říjen 2016
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    On the eve of the 11th International Labour and Employment Relations Association (ILERA) European Congress, we look at the issue of representativeness in Europe, and how ensuring that workers and employers are fairly represented at EU-level is an important aspect of European democracy.

    7 Září 2016
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    The European Union (EU) has strong legislation in place that protects workers from being exploited and also enables businesses to engage in fair competition. Workers are mobile and can move freely within the EU single market across borders – without being dependent upon traffickers. Yet, the latest

    3 Květen 2016
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    ​Nowadays we all know that long or excessive working hours may have serious negative impacts on a person’s health and wellbeing. Eurofound‘s new report 'Working time developments in the 21st century' suggests that if working time standards are mainly left to legislation or to be set unilaterally by

    4 Březen 2016

    Upcoming publications results (8)

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

    July 2025

    This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

    March 2025

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

    November 2024

    This publication comprises individual country reports on developments in working life in each of the 27 EU Member States and Norway in 2023, based on national research and survey results. The topics covered include the political context in 2023; updates on the social partners and social dialogue ins

    July 2024

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