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Pracovněprávní vztahy

Odborové svazy, organizace zaměstnavatelů a veřejné orgány, všechny tyto subjekt hrají roli ve správě pracovněprávních vztahů. Jedná se o vzájemně propojené součásti systému, který funguje na evropské, vnitrostátní, odvětvové, regionální a podnikové úrovni. V posledních letech, jak se technologie a formy práce vyvíjejí v rámci soustavně se měnícího ekonomického prostředí, musí systémy pracovněprávních vztahů čelit zásadním výzvám.

V této souvislosti Evropská komise v roce 2015 vyhlásila „nový začátek“ evropského sociálního dialogu. Ve společném prohlášení z června 2016 Komise, Rada Evropské unie a sociální partneři zdůraznili zásadní úlohu sociálního dialogu jako významné součásti tvorby zaměstnaneckých a sociálních politik EU.

Topic

Recent updates

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This 2024 annual review of minimum wages provides a synopsis of minimum wage setting during 2023 in the EU27 and Norway. It reports in detail on the processes and outcomes...

26 Červen 2024
Publication
Research report

EU context

Činnost nadace Eurofound

Během čtyřiceti let se z nadace Eurofound stalo klíčové středisko odborných znalostí pro monitorování a analyzování trendů v pracovněprávních vztazích. To zahrnuje souvislosti mezi sociálním dialogem na evropské a vnitrostátní úrovni. Na základě informací své sítě evropských korespondentů ve 28 členských státech EU a Norsku nadace sleduje vývoj ve všech členských státech a v celé EU. 

Hlavní příspěvky

Nadace Eurofound vypracovala řadu srovnávacích analýz a případových studií v zemích EU-28 a Norsku v oblasti pracovněprávních vztahů a také pravidelně aktualizuje databáze na související témata.

Nedávná studie mapuje a probírá hlavní aspekty a ukazatele s významem pro pracovněprávní vztahy v Evropě ve 21. století. Další výzkum je zaměřen na to, jak sociální partneři v EU a Norsku zkoumají nová témata, nástroje a inovativní přístupy, aby mohli reagovat na četné nové politické, právní a sociální výzvy, které se v posledních letech objevují.

Mzda a pracovní doba jsou i nadále oblastmi vysokého zájmu, které se každoročně přezkoumávají. Jedna část nedávné aktualizace situace v oblasti mezd se zaměřuje na výši minimální zákonné mzdy v EU, zatímco další na kolektivní vyjednávání o mzdách.

Od roku 2006 Eurofound provádí na základě pověření Evropské komise studie reprezentativnosti evropských organizací odvětvových sociálních partnerů.

Zdroje

Podávání zpráv o vývoji v oblasti pracovního života

Eurofound poskytuje systematické a srovnatelné údaje o vnitrostátních systémech pracovněprávních vztahů a vývoji v oblasti pracovního života prostřednictvím nástrojů pro monitorování a podávání zpráv s využitím příspěvků své sítě evropských korespondentů z 28 členských států a Norska.

Key outputs

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This report examines the average weekly working hours across Europe in 2021 and 2022. It covers important developments resulting from legislative reforms in collective bargaining at national or sectoral level...

24 Říjen 2023
Publication
Research report
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Přezkum minimálních mezd v roce 2023 byl vypracován v kontextu nebývalé inflace v celé Evropě. Přestože inflace vedla v řadě zemí k výraznému zvýšení nominálních mezd, v mnoha případech to...

29 Červen 2023
Publication
Research report
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V rámci svého poslání podporovat dialog mezi sociálními partnery nadace Eurofound sleduje a analyzuje vývoj systémů vztahů mezi sociálními partnery na úrovni EU a v členských státech EU již více...

11 Prosinec 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

Other ongoing work

    • Social dialogue in companies, particularly linkages that can be drawn between national and EU level, to better understand of cooperation mechanisms used in decision-making and implementation in multinational companies
    • Exploration of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement
    • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue
    • A flagship report on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
    • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations
    • Highlights of recent developments of selected features of working life in so called topical updates, with one featuring statutory minimum wages
    • Updated time series in EurWORK database of wages, working time and collective disputes
    • Updated time series and update on developments in collectively agreed pay
    • Exploring the feasibility for an Industrial Action Monitor

    Eurofound expert(s)

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    Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

    Research manager,
    Working life research unit
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    Mária Sedláková is a research officer in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for drafting overview reports for sectoral representativeness studies, management...

    Research officer,
    Working life research unit
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    Victoria Cojocariu is a research support officer for the representativeness studies in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is responsible for the management of the research...

    Research support officer,
    Working life research unit
    Publications results (517)

    Living and working in Europe, Eurofound’s 2017 yearbook, provides a snapshot of the latest developments in the work and lives of Europeans as recounted in the Agency’s research activities over the course of 2017. As economies recover, Eurofound reported on the positive trends in employment, with

    12 June 2018

    While discrimination against women at work has long been a mainstream topic in research literature, only marginal attention has been paid to discrimination against men. A number of factors may be responsible for this, including change in traditional occupational roles, cultural perceptions of the

    27 March 2018

    The latest European Semester cycle, covering the period 2016–2017, has highlighted a range of issues regarding the quality of involvement by the social partners in the elaboration of the 2017 National Reform Programme (NRP), as well as in the implementation of the country-specific recommendations

    06 March 2018

    In light of the limited action in many Member States to introduce or review gender pay transparency instruments as recommended, in November 2017 the European Commission announced the possible need for further targeted measures at EU level. This report reviews experiences in four Member States –

    07 February 2018

    The term ‘minimum wage’ refers to the various legal restrictions governing the lowest rate payable by employers to workers, regulated by formal laws or statutes. This report provides information on statutory minimum wages that are generally applicable in a country and not limited to specific sectors

    06 February 2018

    Eurofound’s 2016 report Mapping key dimensions of industrial relations identified four key dimensions of industrial relations: industrial democracy, industrial competitiveness, social justice, and quality of work and employment. This report builds upon that earlier study, developing a dashboard of

    29 January 2018

    This study provides information designed to encourage sectoral social dialogue in the tanning and leather sector. The aim of Eurofound’s series of studies on representativeness is to identify the relevant national and supranational social partner organisations in the field of industrial relations in

    07 November 2017

    This study provides information designed to encourage sectoral social dialogue in the footwear industry. The aim of Eurofound’s series of studies on representativeness is to identify the relevant national and supranational social partner organisations in the field of industrial relations in selected

    19 October 2017

    Developments in Working Life in Europe is part of a series of annual reviews published by Eurofound and provides an overview of the latest developments in industrial relations and working conditions across the EU and Norway.

    25 September 2017

    This annual review covers several issues related to working time in the EU and Norway in 2015 and 2016. It is based mainly on contributions from Eurofound’s Network of European Correspondents (NEC).

    16 August 2017

    Online resources results (1688)

    Belgium: Latest working life developments – Q3 2016

    The definition of hazardous jobs, measures to promote youth employment, a series of collective redundancies and proposals to alter wage formation are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Belgium in the third quarter of

    Italy: Latest working life developments – Q3 2016

    A new legal framework for call centres, the issue of work-related fatalities, contract renewals – especially in the large retail and textile sectors – and pension reforms are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Italy

    Hungary: Latest working life developments – Q3 2016

    Proposals on how to tackle labour shortages, a strike by municipal employees for higher wages, and mounting tensions around reforms to education and vocational training are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Hungary

    Lithuania: Latest working life developments – Q3 2016

    The adoption of laws related to the new social model, the possible consequences of Brexit for the Lithuanian economy and collective bargaining in the education sector are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Lithuania

    Portugal: Latest working life developments – Q3 2016

    Good news on unemployment, criticism by social partners of sanctions on Portugal for breaking EU rules on the public deficit, and talks on increasing the minimum wage are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Portugal

    Romania: Latest working life developments - Q3 2016

    Protests and strikes, the transposition of European directives on labour relations, a wage policy to encourage some workers and attempts to improve some public sector salaries are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

    Latvia: Latest working life developments – Q3 2016

    The drafting of the State budget (including discussions on the minimum wage), civil service reforms, an agreement on the State revenue system and debates on social insurance are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

    Norway: Latest working life developments – Q3 2016

    A series of strikes related to the biennial renegotiation of national collective agreements, an increase in temporary employment and the changing use of occupational health services are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working

    Finland: Latest working life developments - Q3 2016

    A trial of a new basic income, budgetary proposals to reduce unemployment, and conflicts between Akava and other trade union confederations are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Finland in the third quarter of 2016.

    Croatia: Latest working life developments – Q3 2016

    The general election result, industrial relations developments, equality in the workplace, what makes a good employer, trade union education and moves to improve social dialogue are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in


    Blogs results (18)
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    Minimum wages have risen significantly in 2022, as the EU Member States leave behind the cautious mood of the pandemic. However, rising inflation is eating up these wage increases, and only flexibility in the regular minimum wage setting processes may avoid generalised losses in purchasing power amo

    15 Červen 2022
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    In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers (i

    28 Říjen 2020
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    The coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is having drastic consequences for the world of work. In most European countries workers who are not delivering essential ‘frontline’ services are being asked to stay home. Unfortunately many are out of work, while many of those who are not are minimum-wage and low

    1 Duben 2020
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    As one of their ‘100 days in office’ initiatives, the new European Commission intends to propose an initiative for an EU minimum wage. The aim is that by 2024 every worker in the EU should earn a fair and adequate wage, no matter where they live.

    15 Leden 2020
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    Trade unions in many EU Member States face the issue of declining membership. This is a fundamental challenge for organised labour, but it is premature to speak about the redundancy unions: when it comes to important decisions affecting the workplace, restructuring being one, trade unions remain a p

    20 Listopad 2019
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    The International Labour Organization (ILO) met for the first time 100 years ago, and right at the top of the agenda for discussion for this new specialised UN agency was the 8-hour working day. This discussion subsequently resulted in the Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, which stated that ‘The

    12 Listopad 2019
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    The European Platform Tackling Undeclared Work last year documented the case of a Dutch temporary work agency that hired workers of various nationalities to work for a construction company in Belgium. The wages were suspiciously low, and the Belgian Labour Inspectorate believed that EU law guarantee

    17 Červenec 2019
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    The votes have been cast, tallied and declared and we can now see the political landscape of the new European Parliament. It is a complex picture: there has been growth of far-right and populist parties, but well short of what was projected, and at the same time there has been a boost for pro

    30 Květen 2019
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    Seniority entitlements have largely been on the decline since the 1990s, and have been gradually phased-out from legislation in Europe, as well as in collective agreements. However, it would be premature to dismiss seniority-based entitlements as a thing of the past, as they remain in force across E

    17 Duben 2019
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    In this blog piece, originally published in Social Europe, Karel Fric and Camilla Galli da Bino look at the issue of discrimination against men in the workplace in Europe, and the current lack of research in this area.

    1 Květen 2018

    Upcoming publications results (8)

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

    July 2025

    This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

    March 2025

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

    December 2024

    This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

    November 2024

    This publication comprises individual country reports on developments in working life in each of the 27 EU Member States and Norway in 2023, based on national research and survey results. The topics covered include the political context in 2023; updates on the social partners and social dialogue ins

    July 2024

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